小学高年级数学探究式教学现状、问题及其对策研究

发布时间：2018-07-23 08:03

【摘要】：伴随新课程改革的推进,教师教学方式和学生学习方式的转变得到重视。探究式教学作为新课标提倡的教学方式,改变了教师教学方式单一、学生被动接受知识、缺乏独立思考、动手实践解决数学问题的状况。在小学高年级数学探究式教学中,不仅能提高学生创新与探究能力,还能提升数学教师学科专业素养水平。随着探究式教学在小学高年级数学中的运用,许多问题开始显现。在小学高年级数学中如何有效开展探究式教学已成为当前亟待解决的问题。本研究运用文献法、问卷调查和访谈调查法,对小学数学教师、小学高年级(四、五、六年级)学生的探究式教学现状进行问卷调查,对多名教师进行了深度访谈,并分析出高年级数学探究式教学中存在的问题,这些问题主要包括:教师对探究式教学的认识存在误区;教师在探究式教学的课堂开展不顺利、教师对探究式教学评价方式不合理;学生对探究式教学的认识欠缺,如参与度不高、缺少探索氛围;学生在探究式教学开展中实际表现不佳,如动手能力差,缺少探究精神问题。通过进一步研究发现,小学高年级数学探究式教学出现这些问题的原因为:教师教学培训欠缺、对探究式教学重视程度不够;教师没有及时的转变观念、探究内容的准备不充分、课堂组织管理力度缺乏、教学评价方式单一;学生自身探究、合作探究学习困难等。针对小学数学探究式教学中存在的问题,本文提出相应的对策:积极开展教师培训、创造适宜探究学习的校园环境、加强教师的自我学习,更新教学观念;合理选择实际的探究教学内容、加强课堂管理、采用灵活多样的评价方式;学生主动积极参与探究、自主加强探究能力的训练。
[Abstract]:With the advancement of the new curriculum reform, the transformation of teachers' teaching methods and students' learning styles has been paid more attention. As a teaching method advocated by the new curriculum standard, inquiry teaching has changed the single teaching method of teachers, the passive acceptance of knowledge by students, the lack of independent thinking, and the practice of solving mathematical problems. In the inquiring teaching of mathematics in primary school, it can not only improve the students' ability of innovation and inquiry, but also improve the level of mathematics teachers' professional accomplishment. With the application of inquiry teaching in mathematics in primary school, many problems begin to appear. How to carry out inquiry teaching effectively in mathematics in primary school has become an urgent problem to be solved. In this study, literature, questionnaire and interview were used to investigate the current situation of inquiry teaching among mathematics teachers, senior grade (grade 4, grade 5, grade 6) of primary school, and a number of teachers were interviewed in depth. It also analyzes the problems existing in the inquiry teaching of mathematics in senior grade, which mainly include: the misunderstanding of teachers' understanding of inquiry teaching, the unsmooth development of teachers in the classroom of inquiry teaching, Teachers' evaluation of inquiry teaching is unreasonable, students' understanding of inquiry teaching is not enough, such as low participation and lack of exploration atmosphere, students' actual performance in inquiry teaching is not good, such as poor practical ability. Lack of inquiry into spiritual problems. Through further research, it is found that the causes of these problems are: teachers' lack of teaching training, insufficient attention to inquiry teaching, teachers' failure to change their concepts in time, Insufficient preparation of inquiry content, lack of classroom organization and management, single teaching evaluation method, students' own inquiry, cooperative inquiry learning difficulties and so on. In view of the problems existing in the inquiry teaching of mathematics in primary school, this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures: actively carrying out teacher training, creating a campus environment suitable for inquiry learning, strengthening teachers' self-learning and renewing their teaching concepts; Reasonable selection of practical inquiry teaching content, strengthening classroom management, adopting flexible and diverse evaluation methods; students actively participate in inquiry, self-enhancing the training of inquiry ability.
【学位授予单位】：西华师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.5

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