馆校合作下科技馆教育活动案例设计研究

发布时间：2018-10-24 07:15

【摘要】：随着社会的发展,我国的教育也逐步改革,科学素质的培养逐渐站到教育的顶端。各种教育形式也纷纷兴起。无论是正规教育还是非正规教育都得到了国家的重视。现代小学科学教育以培养学生的科学素养为宗旨,科学素养关注科学知识、科学探究、情感态度与价值观三个领域。科学学习要以探究为核心,探究活动的启动应以激发孩子的科学兴趣为前提。在实际的教学过程中要注重保持和发展学生对周围世界的好奇心与求知欲,从而促使他们形成大胆想象、尊重证据、敢于创新的科学态度。科技馆是我国进行科普教育的重要阵地,它拥有健全的科普设施和良好的科技氛围,在培养学生的科学素养方面能起到相当大的作用。但是,目前基于科技馆小学科学教学探究活动的开展还不是太多,许多问题还需进一步探讨。因此,我们设计出“‘小机械大本领’科学教育活动”方案,希望通过对此方案的实施与思考,能够为科技馆开展馆校合作的科学教育活动提供借鉴。本研究从以下几个方面进行研究:首先是绪论部分,本研究从研究背景、研究意义、研究方法进行分析,提出研究课题。第二部分研究相关教育发展情况,分析了国内外科技馆教育的研究进程,国内外小学科学教育研究进程,阐明了科学教育的兴起与近代科学教育的发展。第三部分阐述本研究是以建构主义理论、STEM教育理论、脑科学理论为支撑。第四部分从小学科学教育与科技馆科普教育特征进行分析,总结出小学科学教育存在教师兼职化严重、教学资源不足、教学形式与教学方法相对单一、重任务轻创造的不足。科技馆教育存在科技馆教育对象大众化,科技馆教育专业人员匮乏、科技馆教育形式陈旧、科普教育理念缺乏创新的问题,并且科技馆大众化的教育方式与学校教育。并就目前馆校合作趋势进行了分析,科技馆教育与学校教育的结合方式还比较单一,主要是学生利用课外时间集体参观科技馆,把科技馆作为课外知识拓展的一个途径。第五部分首先从研究内容的理性基础,活动内容选择,活动原则与活动模式选择进行阐述,最后设计出以“小机械大本领”为主题的科普教育活动,其包括五个过程:头脑风暴引入活动、趣味视频展示应用、竞技活动体验操作、参观实践拓展视野、动手制作总结评估。通过具体实施,笔者总结其不足,又进行了第二次修改,主要是针对时间问题,环节衔接问题做出调整。最后一部分,针对本研究做出总结与期望。由于本研究存在一定的困难,研究不够充分,还希望其他研究者能够进一步研究。
[Abstract]:With the development of society, the education of our country has been reformed step by step, and the cultivation of scientific quality has gradually stood at the top of education. Various forms of education also sprang up. Both formal and non-formal education have received national attention. The aim of modern primary school science education is to cultivate students' scientific literacy, which focuses on three fields: scientific knowledge, scientific inquiry, emotional attitude and values. Inquiry should be the core of scientific learning, and the starting of inquiry should be based on arousing children's interest in science. In the actual teaching process, we should pay attention to maintaining and developing students' curiosity and desire for knowledge about the world around them, so as to urge them to form a bold imagination, respect evidence, and dare to innovate in a scientific attitude. The Science and Technology Museum is an important position for popularizing science education in our country. It has a sound science popularization facilities and a good scientific and technological atmosphere, which can play a significant role in cultivating students' scientific literacy. However, there are not too many scientific teaching activities in primary schools based on Science and Technology Museum at present, and many problems need to be further explored. Therefore, we have designed the program of "small mechanical and large ability" science education activity, and hope that through the implementation and thinking of this scheme, we can provide reference for science education activities of science and technology museum to carry out the cooperation between library and school. This research is carried out from the following aspects: first, the introduction part, this research from the research background, research significance, research methods to analyze, put forward the research topic. The second part studies the development of relevant education, analyzes the research process of science and technology museum education at home and abroad, and expounds the rise of science education and the development of science education in modern times. The third part expounds that this research is supported by constructivism theory, STEM educational theory and brain science theory. The fourth part analyzes the characteristics of science education in science education and science museum from childhood, and concludes that science education in primary school has the disadvantages of serious part-time teachers, insufficient teaching resources, single teaching form and teaching method, and less emphasis on task and creation. There are some problems in science and technology museum education, such as the popularization of science and technology museum, the shortage of professional personnel, the old form of science and technology museum education, the lack of innovation of science popularization education idea, and the popularization of science and technology museum education mode and school education. This paper also analyzes the trend of cooperation between science and technology museum and school. The combination of science and technology museum education and school education is relatively simple. It is mainly that students use extracurricular time to visit science and technology museum collectively, and take science and technology museum as a way to expand their extracurricular knowledge. The fifth part expounds the rational foundation of the research content, the choice of the activity content, the principle of the activity and the choice of the activity mode, and finally designs the popular science education activity with the theme of "small mechanical ability". It includes five processes: brainstorming introduction activities, interesting video display applications, experience operation of competitive activities, visits to expand the horizons of practice, hands-on summary and evaluation. Through the concrete implementation, the author summarizes its insufficiency, and carries on the second revision, mainly according to the time question, the link connection question makes the adjustment. The last part is the conclusion and expectation of this research. Due to some difficulties and insufficient research, other researchers are expected to study further.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G315;G623.6

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