小学3D打印校本课程的开发与实践研究

发布时间：2018-10-30 17:05

【摘要】：随着科学技术的飞速发展,3D打印作为一种新兴技术慢慢从各行各业走进学生的课堂,逐渐成为教育研究者们的研究热点。3D打印到底能给教育带来什么样的变革?蕴含着什么样的教育价值?不同学校该如何开展教学?……这一新技术的兴起给我们带来了一系列值得研究的问题。目前国内的3D打印教育整体还处在探索阶段,尽管部分发达地区的学校对于3D打印教学的开展已经自成体系,但欠发达地区有关3D打印校本课程的开发与实践的研究还很有限。本论文通过文献研究、问卷调查、实地访谈、准实验研究等研究方法,对当前3D打印技术在中小学教学领域的主要开展形式及教学中存在的问题进行分析梳理,在已有校本课程开发理论研究的基础上,探索适合小学3D打印校本课程开发的模式、课程内容选择、实施策略以及教学策略等,并以江苏苏北欠发达地区一所小学为试点,开展对小学3D打印校本课程的开发与实践的探索与研究。本论文主要包含六个部分的内容:第一部分为绪论。对本研究的时代背景、选题缘由、研究目的与意义、研究内容和思路、研究方法进行阐述,概述了当前3D打印在教育中的研究现状以及在中小学的开展形式,提出目前3D打印教学存在的问题。第二部分为理论研究。通过文献研究,对本次研究的相关核心概念进行界定,阐述3D打印教学的理论基础以及校本课程开发的相关理论基础。第三部分为小学3D打印校本课程的开发模式研究。通过对校本课程开发的三种主导模式进行优劣分析,借助SWOT态势分析法设计出以需求、条件以及目标三种主导模式齐头并进的新的课程开发思路,并提出适用于本研究的3D打印校本课程开发的模式。第四部分为小学3D打印校本课程开发研究。以具体学校为例,依照校本课程开发模式进行小学3D打印校本课程开发。从需求、条件以及目标三方面对学校内外部环境分析等进行本次校本课程开发的需求评估;结合课程目标设计的依据、课程目标设计原则以及课程定位,设计具体的课程三维目标;从学科知识以及非学科知识等层面选择课程内容并切实考虑直线性与螺旋形相统一进行内容的组织与编排;总结校本课程实施策略并制定评价量表。第五部分为教育准实验研究。采用教育研究中的准实验研究法,实验设计模式采取单组前后测设计模式,通过问卷调查法得到学生前后变化,从而评价3D打印校本课程的效果。并采用问卷调查法、访谈法从不同角度进行校本课程开发的成效检测,对教学效果进行总结,并提出教学策略,反思不足。第六部分为总结和不足。在问卷分析、访谈调查、笔者自我反思的基础上,对本次研究结论进行论述,总结不足之处,并对未来3D打印教学前景进行展望。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of science and technology, 3D printing, as a new technology, has gradually come into the classroom of students from various industries, and has gradually become the research hotspot of educational researchers. What kind of changes can 3D printing bring to education? What kind of educational value does it contain? How should different schools carry out teaching?. The rise of this new technology has brought us a series of problems worth studying. At present, the 3D printing education in China is still in the exploration stage. Although the development of 3D printing teaching in some developed regions has been established by itself, the research on the development and practice of the school-based curriculum of 3D printing in the less developed areas is still very limited. Through literature research, questionnaire survey, field interview, quasi-experimental research and other research methods, this paper analyzes the main forms of 3D printing technology in primary and secondary school teaching field and the existing problems in teaching. On the basis of the research on the theory of school-based curriculum development, this paper explores the model, course content selection, implementation strategy and teaching strategy suitable for the development of school-based curriculum in primary schools, and takes a primary school in the underdeveloped area of northern Jiangsu province as a pilot project. To carry out the exploration and research on the development and practice of 3 D print-based curriculum in primary schools. This thesis mainly includes six parts: the first part is the introduction. The background of this study, the reason of choosing the topic, the purpose and significance of the research, the contents and ideas of the research, the research methods, the current research status of 3D printing in education and the form of development in primary and secondary schools are summarized. The existing problems in 3D printing teaching are put forward. The second part is theoretical research. Through literature research, this paper defines the relevant core concepts of this study, expounds the theoretical basis of 3D printing teaching and the relevant theoretical basis of school-based curriculum development. The third part is the research on the development model of 3 D print-based curriculum in primary school. Through the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the three dominant models of school-based curriculum development, the author designs a new curriculum development idea by means of the SWOT situation analysis method, in which the demand, conditions and objectives of the three leading modes go hand in hand. The model of 3 D print-based curriculum development is proposed. The fourth part is the primary school-based curriculum development of 3 D printing. Take the specific school as an example, according to the school-based curriculum development model, the primary school-based curriculum development. From the needs, conditions and objectives of the analysis of the school's internal and external environment and other aspects of the needs of the School-based curriculum development needs assessment; Combined with the basis of curriculum objective design, the principle of curriculum goal design and curriculum positioning, the design of specific curriculum three-dimensional objectives; The course contents should be selected from the aspects of subject knowledge and non-disciplinary knowledge, and the organization and arrangement of the content should be taken into account in the unity of straightness and helix, the implementation strategy of school-based curriculum should be summarized and the evaluation scale should be formulated. The fifth part is the quasi-experimental study of education. The quasi-experimental research method is adopted in the educational research. The experimental design model adopts the single-group pre-and post-test design model. The students' changes before and after the students are obtained by questionnaire, and the effect of the school-based course of 3D printing is evaluated. By using the method of questionnaire and interview, the effect of school-based curriculum development is tested from different angles, the teaching effect is summarized, and the teaching strategy is put forward, and the insufficiency of reflection is put forward. The sixth part is the summary and insufficiency. On the basis of questionnaire analysis, interview and self-reflection, this paper discusses the conclusions of this study, summarizes the shortcomings, and looks forward to the prospect of 3D printing teaching in the future.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G622.3

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