小学体育参与风险研究
发布时间：2018-11-02 10:38
【摘要】：近年来,学校体育参与风险导致的体育伤害事件屡有发生,学校和体育教师也因使学生受到伤害而被推上被告席,使学校和体育教师成为社会的焦点。学生的体育参与的价值也瞬间受到公众的质疑,学生体育参与风险成为学校体育教学中的“烫手山芋”,急需解决。体育参与风险与体育伤害事故是质变与量变的关系,体育参与风险积累到一定范围必然发生伤害。一些学校和体育教师采取降低教学难度、取消危险项目等“行之有效”措施,把学生保护起来免受伤害,然而却为学体育教学埋下更大的定时炸弹。因此,正确对待体育参与中的风险和对体育参与风险行之有效的管理无疑成为学校和体育教师必须掌握的技能,体育教师只要做到这一点,就能大大的降低体育参与风险的发生率。本文采用文献资料法、访谈法、问卷调查法、数理统计法,以济南市为例,随机抽取济南市15所小学为调查对象,对其小学生体育参与风险现状,进行深入调查研究,得出以下结论:1济南市各小学对体育教学的重视度不够,体育安全教育几乎没有涉及,没有一个学校建置医务室,而且采取一些消极措施避免风险发生现象,如取消“危险”项目、降低教学标准等。2各小学(尤其是市中心地区)普遍存在体育运动场地面积小,没有室内运动场,运动器材大多由政府购买,质量一般,器材设施大多在室外风吹日晒雨淋,有老化和损坏现象,对场地器材的检查维修情况不佳。3调查的济南市各小学在安排体育课程方面有欠缺,有多个班级同时上课的现象,并且在阴雨天气和雾霾天气时,学生多半上自习或被其他科目的老师占用。4各学校体育教师的学历多为本科学历和研究生学历,学历层次相对较高,拥有较高级的理论知识和科学的教学方法,但是教师的教龄时间较短,教学实践经验相对较少。体育教师缺乏体育安全知识的教育,但是体育教师体育参与风险意识很强,遇到“危险”动作和项目避而不教。5学生在体育参与中自我风险意识不强。因生活水平的提高,“屏幕时间”增多,电子竞技活动增加,运动时间减少,导致学生的体能下降,身体素质欠佳,从而容易引起学校体育伤害事故。6目前小学生的家长参与体育运动的很少以及对体育存在的固有偏见,对学生体育参与持不支持的态度,无形中降低了学生对体育参与的兴趣,导致学生身体素质不断降低,更容易发生体育风险。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the sports injury events caused by the risk of school physical education participation occur frequently, and the school and physical education teachers are pushed to the dock because of the injury to the students, which makes the school and the physical education teacher become the focus of the society. The value of students' participation in physical education is also questioned by the public instantly. The risk of students' participation in physical education has become a "hot potato" in the teaching of physical education, which needs to be solved urgently. The relationship between sports participation risk and sports injury accident is the relationship between qualitative change and quantitative change. Some schools and PE teachers take effective measures, such as reducing teaching difficulty and cancelling dangerous items, to protect students from harm, but they have planted a bigger time bomb for PE teaching. Therefore, the correct treatment of the risk in sports participation and the effective management of the risk of sports participation are undoubtedly the skills that schools and PE teachers must master, so long as PE teachers do this, Can greatly reduce the incidence of sports participation risk. This paper adopts the methods of literature, interview, questionnaire and mathematical statistics. Taking Jinan as an example, 15 primary schools in Jinan are randomly selected as the objects of investigation, and the present situation of primary school students' participation in physical education risk is investigated and studied deeply. The conclusions are as follows: 1 the primary schools in Jinan do not pay enough attention to physical education, the safety education of physical education is hardly involved, there is not a school to set up infirmary, and some negative measures are taken to avoid the phenomenon of risk. Such as canceling "dangerous" items, lowering teaching standards, etc. (2) in primary schools (especially in downtown areas), sports venues are generally small, there are no indoor playgrounds, sports equipment is mostly purchased by the government, and the quality of sports equipment is average. Most of the equipment and facilities are exposed to the sun and rain outside the wind, with the phenomenon of aging and damage, and the inspection and maintenance of the site and equipment are not good. 3 the primary schools in Jinan investigated have deficiencies in arranging physical education courses, and there are many classes taking classes at the same time. And in rainy weather and haze weather, the majority of students study on their own or are occupied by teachers of other subjects. 4 the academic qualifications of physical education teachers in various schools are mostly undergraduate and graduate degrees, and the educational level is relatively high. It has higher theoretical knowledge and scientific teaching methods, but teachers have shorter teaching life and less practical experience. Physical education teachers lack the education of physical safety knowledge, but PE teachers have a strong awareness of risk in physical education, and they do not teach when they encounter "dangerous" movements and events. 5 students' self-risk awareness in sports participation is not strong. Because of the improvement of living standard, the "screen time" increases, the electronic athletics activity increases, the sports time reduces, the student's physical fitness drops, the physical quality is not good. Therefore, it is easy to cause school sports injury accidents. 6 at present, the parents of primary school students have little participation in sports and inherent prejudice to sports, and they do not support students' participation in sports. It reduces the students' interest in sports participation, and results in the students' physical fitness decreasing and the risk of sports occurring more easily.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.8
本文编号：2305779
[Abstract]:In recent years, the sports injury events caused by the risk of school physical education participation occur frequently, and the school and physical education teachers are pushed to the dock because of the injury to the students, which makes the school and the physical education teacher become the focus of the society. The value of students' participation in physical education is also questioned by the public instantly. The risk of students' participation in physical education has become a "hot potato" in the teaching of physical education, which needs to be solved urgently. The relationship between sports participation risk and sports injury accident is the relationship between qualitative change and quantitative change. Some schools and PE teachers take effective measures, such as reducing teaching difficulty and cancelling dangerous items, to protect students from harm, but they have planted a bigger time bomb for PE teaching. Therefore, the correct treatment of the risk in sports participation and the effective management of the risk of sports participation are undoubtedly the skills that schools and PE teachers must master, so long as PE teachers do this, Can greatly reduce the incidence of sports participation risk. This paper adopts the methods of literature, interview, questionnaire and mathematical statistics. Taking Jinan as an example, 15 primary schools in Jinan are randomly selected as the objects of investigation, and the present situation of primary school students' participation in physical education risk is investigated and studied deeply. The conclusions are as follows: 1 the primary schools in Jinan do not pay enough attention to physical education, the safety education of physical education is hardly involved, there is not a school to set up infirmary, and some negative measures are taken to avoid the phenomenon of risk. Such as canceling "dangerous" items, lowering teaching standards, etc. (2) in primary schools (especially in downtown areas), sports venues are generally small, there are no indoor playgrounds, sports equipment is mostly purchased by the government, and the quality of sports equipment is average. Most of the equipment and facilities are exposed to the sun and rain outside the wind, with the phenomenon of aging and damage, and the inspection and maintenance of the site and equipment are not good. 3 the primary schools in Jinan investigated have deficiencies in arranging physical education courses, and there are many classes taking classes at the same time. And in rainy weather and haze weather, the majority of students study on their own or are occupied by teachers of other subjects. 4 the academic qualifications of physical education teachers in various schools are mostly undergraduate and graduate degrees, and the educational level is relatively high. It has higher theoretical knowledge and scientific teaching methods, but teachers have shorter teaching life and less practical experience. Physical education teachers lack the education of physical safety knowledge, but PE teachers have a strong awareness of risk in physical education, and they do not teach when they encounter "dangerous" movements and events. 5 students' self-risk awareness in sports participation is not strong. Because of the improvement of living standard, the "screen time" increases, the electronic athletics activity increases, the sports time reduces, the student's physical fitness drops, the physical quality is not good. Therefore, it is easy to cause school sports injury accidents. 6 at present, the parents of primary school students have little participation in sports and inherent prejudice to sports, and they do not support students' participation in sports. It reduces the students' interest in sports participation, and results in the students' physical fitness decreasing and the risk of sports occurring more easily.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.8
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