凉山州彝族小学生洗手行为状况及影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-11-27 16:03

【摘要】：目的了解凉山州彝族儿童手卫生知识和洗手行为现况,分析影响洗手行为习惯形成的因素,为探索针对彝族儿童的不良洗手行为习惯干预措施提供依据。方法自拟调查问卷,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,对该地区357名在校小学生进行自填式和报告式问卷调查。结果彝族小学生洗手行为习惯形成率为55.20%,手卫生知识得分为(70.9±16.7)分。城乡间比较,农村学生洗手习惯形成率(53.1%)、餐前洗手率(74.7%)均较城镇学生(73.3%,93.3%)低(χ~2值分别为4.484,4.363,P值均0.05)。手卫生相关知识是促进洗手习惯的因素(OR=1.301),农村户籍、三年级是学生形成洗手习惯的不利因素(OR值分别为0.365,0.465)。不良的洗手行为习惯能够增加学生腹泻发病率(χ~2=8.995,P0.01)。结论凉山州彝族小学生洗手行为习惯不容乐观。应重点针对三年级小学生加大手卫生相关知识的教育,特别是洗手时机、方法的宣教。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the hand hygiene knowledge and hand washing behavior of Yi children in Liangshan Prefecture, analyze the factors that affect the formation of hand washing behavior, and provide the basis for exploring the intervention measures of bad hand washing behavior for Yi children. Methods A self-designed questionnaire was designed and a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to investigate 357 primary school students in this area. Results the rate of hand washing behavior was 55.20, and the score of hand hygiene knowledge was (70.9 卤16.7). The rate of hand-washing habit formation (53.1%) and pre-meal hand-washing rate (74.7%) of rural students were lower than that of urban students (73.33%) (蠂 ~ 2 = 4.4844.363 P = 0.05). The knowledge of hand hygiene is the factor to promote the habit of washing hands (OR=1.301), and the rural household registration and grade 3 are the unfavorable factors for students to form the habit of washing hands (OR = 0.365 卤0.465, respectively). Bad hand washing behavior can increase the incidence of diarrhea in students (蠂 ~ 2 ~ (8.995) P ~ (0.01). Conclusion the habit of washing hands in Yi pupils in Liangshan Prefecture is not optimistic. Emphasis should be placed on the education of hand hygiene for the third grade pupils, especially on the time and method of hand washing.
【作者单位】：四川大学华西公共卫生学院;四川护理职业学院;四川纺织高等专科学校;四川大学公共管理学院;凉山彝族自治州美姑县城关小学;
【分类号】：G627.8

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