小学德育“知行分离”现象调查与研究

发布时间：2019-03-22 10:37

【摘要】：在全民关注道德建设的社会大环境中,德育工作的重要性日益突出。学校德育是加强德育工作的主要途径,而小学生德育是学校德育中一个非常重要的环节,发挥着为道德奠基的基础性作用。一是因为儿童的道德修养影响决定着整个国家未来的道德建设水平；二是因为儿童处于个体成长初期,认知能力有限,可塑性强,但同时也意味着稳定性不够,需要正确、明确、稳定的引导与关怀。因此,重视、研究小学德育工作,既是目的,也是方法。我国学校德育经过多年实践取得了显著的成绩,但同时也存在一些问题。本文在初步观察、思考基础上针对小学德育工作提出论点：小学德育在实践中存在“知行分离”现象。并通过实地调研论证论点并寻找解决问题的方法与途径。本论文共分为三个部分五章内容。第一部分通过文献综述系统梳理古今中外关于德育“知”与“行”之间关系的前人研究成果,充分说明古往今来人们一直在关注并承认在道德教育方面确实存在“知行分离”的现象,进而为本文研究厘清理论基础；第二部分选取某小学为具体对象调查其小学生的道德现状及该小学德育工作开展情况,调查分别以问卷和访谈形式展开。调查结果首先论证了该小学中存在的德育“知行分离”现象；其次通过对教育过程及各方面的调查寻求导致“知行分离”的原因,在分析过程中对该小学德育工作的成绩与问题进行系统梳理,寻找发现共性及个性问题。第三部分主要针对调查结果进行反思,在反思过程中尝试提出解决问题的思路及方法途径。以往关于德育的研究,尤其是关于学校德育的时效性研究中,大多重视理论研究,真正专注于小学一线具体教学行为的研究并不多。各种先进的理论研究成果在具体实践过程中会受到各种因素的影响而不能够真正发挥其积极作用,因此本文把关注点具体到小学德育一线教学中,从实践性及时效性的角度出发,将德育目标、德育内容、德育环境及方法途径进行系统梳理及反思,意在为提高学校德育工作有效性做好基础性研究,为实现“教书育人”的目的奠定良好的基础。
[Abstract]:The importance of moral education is becoming more and more prominent in the social environment in which the people pay close attention to the construction of morality. School moral education is the main way to strengthen moral education, and primary school moral education is a very important link in school moral education, playing a fundamental role in laying the foundation of morality. First, the influence of children's moral self-cultivation determines the future moral construction level of the whole country; Second, children are in the early stage of individual growth, their cognitive ability is limited and their plasticity is strong, but at the same time, it also means that they are not stable enough, and need correct, definite and stable guidance and care. Therefore, it is not only the aim but also the method to study the moral education in primary school. Chinese school moral education has made remarkable achievements after many years of practice, but at the same time, there are also some problems. On the basis of preliminary observation and thinking, this paper puts forward an argument about moral education in primary school: the phenomenon of "separation of knowledge and practice" exists in the practice of moral education in primary school. And through the field research to prove the argument and find a solution to the problem and ways. This paper is divided into three parts and five chapters. The first part combs the former research results about the relationship between "knowledge" and "action" of moral education at home and abroad through the literature review system. It fully explains that people have been paying close attention to and acknowledging the phenomenon of "separation of knowledge and action" in moral education, and then clarifies the theoretical basis for the study of this paper. In the second part, a primary school is selected as a specific object to investigate the moral status of primary school students and the development of moral education in the primary school. The survey is carried out in the form of questionnaires and interviews. The results of the investigation first demonstrate the phenomenon of "separation of knowledge and action" in moral education in this primary school; Secondly, through the investigation of the educational process and various aspects of the causes leading to "separation of knowledge and practice", in the analysis of the process of moral education in the primary school achievements and problems were systematically combed, looking for common and individual problems. In the third part, the author tries to put forward the ideas and methods to solve the problems. In the past researches on moral education, especially on the timeliness of school moral education, most of them attach great importance to theoretical research, and there are few studies focusing on the specific teaching behavior in primary school. All kinds of advanced theoretical research results in the concrete practice process will be affected by a variety of factors and can not really play a positive role, so this paper focuses on the primary school moral education in the front-line teaching. In order to improve the effectiveness of school moral education, the aim, content, environment and methods of moral education are systematically combed and reconsidered from the point of view of practical and timely effect, so as to do a good job in the basic research of improving the effectiveness of moral education in schools. It lays a good foundation for realizing the aim of "teaching and educating people".
【学位授予单位】：信阳师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G621

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