小学高年级科学课程实施中存在的问题及对策研究

发布时间：2019-06-15 19:59

【摘要】：科学素养的形成是一个长期的过程,早期的科学教育对一个人科学素养的形成起决定性作用。小学科学课程作为以培养科学素养为宗旨的科学启蒙课程,它的开设顺应了基础教育课程改革的整体趋势,其顺利实施对提高学生科学素养水平有着重要作用。但是,在新科学课程实施过程中存在着各种各样的问题。能够正确认识到课程实施中存在的问题,并分析问题产生的原因,在已有课程实施理论和相关研究成果的基础上针对问题提出对策,不但能为科学课程的顺利实施拨开迷雾,还能进一步完善现有科学课程实施的理论体系。本研究在借鉴大量国内外相关研究的基础上,从理论和实践两个方面对科学课程实施的现状进行了分析。首先采用文献法,从影响课程实施的因素和科学课程实施现状两个方面对已有研究进行梳理,了解国内外相关研究现状。然后将420名小学高年级学生、8位科学教师、4名校长作为研究对象,从科学课开设的基本情况、学生科学课学习情况、对学生科学课学习结果的评价、科学教师师资情况、教学方法、课后作业布置情况、科学课程资源利用情况等七个方面对学生进行问卷调查,从科学教师师资情况、对学生科学课学习结果的评价两个方面对教师进行访谈。结合问卷调查和访谈的结果,分析小学高年级科学课程实施中存在的问题,并探究问题存在的原因,结合相关理论和课程实施的具体实际情况,找出解决问题的可行性对策,旨在促进小学高年级科学课程的顺利实施。本研究共分为六个部分。第一部分为前言,包括问题的提出背景、本研究的理论意义与实践意义、相关文献综述、研究的理论基础以及本研究中需要界定的概念五方面内容。第二部分主要介绍本研究的研究方法,本研究综合运用问卷法、访谈法、文献法三种方法进行研究。第三部分对本研究的调查结果进行分析,包括对问卷调查及访谈结果的分析。第四部分中结合调查结果总结小学高年级科学课程实施中存在的问题,并分析问题产生的原因。第五部分是针对存在问题提出的七条对策建议。最后一部分是本研究所得出的结论与反思。
[Abstract]:The formation of scientific literacy is a long-term process, and early science education plays a decisive role in the formation of a person's scientific literacy. As a scientific enlightenment course with the purpose of cultivating scientific literacy, the establishment of primary school science curriculum conforms to the overall trend of basic education curriculum reform, and its smooth implementation plays an important role in improving the level of students' scientific literacy. However, there are various problems in the implementation of the new science curriculum. We can correctly understand the problems existing in the implementation of the curriculum, and analyze the causes of the problems. On the basis of the existing curriculum implementation theory and related research results, this paper puts forward some countermeasures for the problems, which can not only set aside the fog for the smooth implementation of the science curriculum, but also further improve the existing theoretical system of the implementation of the science curriculum. On the basis of drawing lessons from a large number of relevant research at home and abroad, this study analyzes the present situation of the implementation of science curriculum from both theoretical and practical aspects. First of all, by using the literature method, this paper combs the existing research from two aspects: the factors that affect the implementation of the curriculum and the present situation of the implementation of the science curriculum, and understands the relevant research status at home and abroad. Then 420 senior primary school students, 8 science teachers and 4 principals are taken as the research objects, and the students are investigated from seven aspects: the basic situation of science courses, the learning situation of students' science courses, the evaluation of students' science course learning results, the situation of science teachers, teaching methods, the arrangement of homework after class, and the utilization of science curriculum resources, etc., and the situation of science teachers is investigated from seven aspects, such as the basic situation of science courses, the learning situation of students' science courses, the evaluation of students' science teachers' learning results, the situation of science teachers, Interview teachers from two aspects of the evaluation of students' learning results in science class. Combined with the results of questionnaire survey and interview, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the implementation of science curriculum in senior primary schools, and probes into the causes of the problems. Combined with the relevant theories and the specific actual situation of curriculum implementation, this paper finds out the feasible countermeasures to solve the problems, in order to promote the smooth implementation of science curriculum in senior primary schools. This study is divided into six parts. The first part is the preface, including the background of the question, the theoretical and practical significance of this study, the review of relevant literature, the theoretical basis of the study and the five concepts to be defined in this study. The second part mainly introduces the research methods of this study, this study uses questionnaire method, interview method, literature method to carry on the research. The third part analyzes the results of this study, including the questionnaire survey and interview results. The fourth part summarizes the problems existing in the implementation of science curriculum in senior primary schools, and analyzes the causes of the problems. The fifth part is to put forward seven countermeasures and suggestions for the existing problems. The last part is the conclusion and reflection of this study.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G623.6

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