珠海市青少年群体亲近自然情况调查及其与心理健康的关系

发布时间：2018-03-21 05:06

  本文选题：青少年　切入点：亲自然活动　出处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的:考察珠海市青少年群体亲近自然的情况及其与青少年心理健康的关系。方法:对744名青少年施测自编的亲自然情况调查问卷和长处与困难问卷。结果:1青少年亲近自然活动的次数和时间较少,主要集中于户外徒步、到自然风景区游玩、爬上/登山等活动,而较少进行接近野外的亲自然活动;2青少年与自然互动的活动主要以在居住地附近的花园/公园/绿道进行身体锻炼为主,其次是照顾宠物和种花种菜;335%和34.3%的青少年表示参加亲自然活动和与自然互动活动时非常开心,并且有37.6%和37.8%的青少年表示非常愿意继续参加此类活动;4青少年认为促使他们亲近自然的主要因素有调节情绪缓解压力,与同伴一起玩耍,锻炼身体等,而阻碍他们亲近自然的主要因素则是学业压力太大,没有朋友组织以及家里舒服喜欢呆在家里;5客观的亲近自然活动和自然互动情况与青少年的注意力多动水平呈显著负相关(r亲近自然活动次数=-0.13,r亲近自然活动时间=-0.11,r与自然互动活动次数=-0.11,P均0.01),但与儿童的亲社会行为存在显著正相关(r亲近自然活动次数=0.11,r与自然互动活动次数=0.12,P均0.01);6青少年对亲自然活动和自然互动活动的主观喜欢程度与情绪症状(r亲近自然活动=-0.11,r与自然互动活动=-0.16,P均0.01)、品行问题(r亲近自然活动=-0.19,r与自然互动活动=-0.13,P均0.01)、多动注意力问题(r亲近自然活动=-0.18,r与自然互动活动=-0.17,P均0.01)和同伴交往问题(r亲近自然活动=-0.12,;r与自然互动活动=-0.14,P均0.01)存在显著负相关,而与亲社会行为呈显著正相关(r亲近自然活动=0.24,r与自然互动活动=0.21,P均0.01)。结论:珠海市青少年较少进行亲自然活动,其亲自然活动情况与其消极心理问题存在负相关,而与积极心理健康存在正相关。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the closeness to nature and its relationship with mental health of adolescents in Zhuhai. Methods: 744 adolescents were investigated by self-designed questionnaire on their pro-natural conditions and their strengths and difficulties. Teenagers get close to nature less often and for less time. Mainly focused on outdoor hiking, natural scenic spots, climbing / mountaineering and other activities, However, the activities of teenagers interacting with nature with less natural activities which are close to the wild are mainly physical exercise in the garden / park / green road near their residence, the main activity of which is to do physical exercise in the garden / park / green road near the place where they live. The second was taking care of pets and growing flowers and vegetables, and 34.3% of teenagers said they were very happy when they participated in pro-nature activities and interaction with nature. In addition, 37.6% and 37.8% of the teenagers said they were very willing to continue to participate in such activities. (4) teenagers believe that the main factors that encourage them to be close to nature are to regulate their mood and relieve their stress, to play with their peers, to exercise, and so on. And the main factor that prevented them from getting close to nature was that they were under too much academic pressure. There is a significant negative correlation between the level of attention hyperactivity of adolescents and objective close to nature activities and natural interaction without friends' organization and comfortable staying at home / the number of close to nature activities and the number of close to nature activities are negatively correlated with the attention hyperactivity level of adolescents / when they are close to nature activities. However, there was a significant positive correlation between the frequency of natural interaction and the number of natural interaction activities. However, there was a significant positive correlation between the frequency of natural activities and children's pro-social behavior. There was a significant positive correlation between the number of natural activities and the number of natural interaction activities. There was a significant positive correlation between the frequency of natural interaction and the number of natural interaction activities. Subjective liking degree and emotional symptoms are close to nature activity -0.11% and natural interaction activity -0.16 P are 0.01, behavior problem r close to nature activity -0.19% and natural interaction activity -0.13 P are 0.01, hyperactivity attention problem is close to nature activity -0.18r and nature interaction is -0.18r. There was a significant negative correlation between dynamic activity (-0.17 P) and peer interaction problem (-0.12) and natural interaction activity (-0.14 P). However, there was a significant positive correlation with the pro-social behavior. There was a significant positive correlation between the natural activities 0.24nr and the natural interaction activities 0.21 (P < 0.01). Conclusion: adolescents in Zhuhai are less likely to engage in pro-nature activities, and there is a negative correlation between their pro-natural activities and their negative psychological problems. And positive correlation with positive mental health.
【作者单位】： 北京师范大学珠海分校教育学院;北京师范大学珠海分校亲自然教育研究中心;澳门城市大学人文科学社会学院;
【基金】：国家体育总局登山运动管理中心2015-2017重点课题(编号:CMA2015-A-A03) 珠海市哲学社科“十二五”规划2015-2016社科规划课题(编号:2015YB117)
【分类号】：B844.2
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