19世纪后半期英国工业学校与儿童管教

发布时间：2018-04-09 23:37

本文选题：英国　切入点：工业学校法　出处：《史学月刊》2015年03期

【摘要】：英国1857年《工业学校法》的通过,使作为儿童管教机构的工业学校由先前的自发性质转变为政府监管。此时,其影响已不限于儿童管教。政府干预的介入及此后干预力度的步步加强,凸显了这一时期政府与家庭间的独特关系。不可否认,对贫困儿童和被忽视儿童加以管教是该类机构建立的背后动机,但政府在行使这一权力的同时,通过立法手段介入家庭空间,一定程度上对英国强大的自由主义传统造成威胁,引发了人们对自由与干预的思考。19世纪末,社会思潮发生转变,儿童回归家庭的观念兴起,寄养制度为人们所看重,工业学校模式渐趋衰落。
[Abstract]:The passing of the Industrial Schools Act 1857 in England changed the nature of industrial schools as a children's correctional institution from the previous spontaneous nature to government supervision.At this point, its influence is no longer limited to child discipline.The intervention of the government and the strengthening of the intervention from then on highlight the unique relationship between the government and the family in this period.There is no denying that disciplining poor and neglected children is the motive behind the establishment of such institutions, but the Government, while exercising this power, is intervening in the family space through legislative means.To some extent, it threatened the strong liberalism tradition in Britain, and caused people to think about freedom and intervention. At the end of the 19th century, the social trend of thought changed, the idea of children returning to the family rose, and the foster care system was valued by people.The industrial school model is fading.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学历史学院;
【分类号】：G556.1;K561

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