教育的超越：走向他者的自我

发布时间：2018-02-19 21:44

本文关键词： 无限他者善正义他人自我超越教育的超越　出处：《南京师范大学》2011年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本论文旨在重新思考教育的意义这一教育哲学的根本问题：也就是说,教育对人来说意味着什么?对于现代教育的整体考察指明一个基本的实情,那就是现代教育已经重构于现代性的总体性之中,面对生活意义的缺失与焦虑,已经无法为现代人提供一种超越自我的理念与路径。因此,这一提问的方式,把教育与一种对于真正生活的欲望联结起来,对教育的意义追求离不开对生活的形而上学究问。这种对真正生活的形而上学欲望,最终表明是自我向着无限他者的超越,种超越只有在与无限他者的关联中,才是真实的超越。善在自我向着无限他者的超越之中的显露,揭示了自我超越的内在规定性。无限是善的无限。自我在对他人的爱以及正义的追求之中,找到了善在人间的原初位置。爱的困境在于,当它面对着对他人的绝对责任时,它发现了他人的多元性所带来的正义问题。因此,超越最终表现为善与正义的无限要求。由于正义规定着共同体的伦理本性,在这个意义上,家庭生活,社会生活,政治生活就成为自我超越的三种不可分割的表现方式。自我超越表现了一种对于锻造伟大人格,虽然艰难,却不可遏止的追求。同样,教育也是自我超越的一种方式。作为对孩子召唤的回应,教育在使孩子变成受教育者时,使自我成为了教育者。教育的秘密在于,它在帮助孩子走向超越的过程中实现自身的超越。教育以善与正义作为自身的本质规定性,并引导受教育者走向善与正义。因此,教育就体现为一种超越的历史传承,表现为一种代与代之间持续的坚持与努力。正是通过时间的不断肯定,教育呈现为一种接近永恒的希望。教育就是为了个体的超越,就此而言,教育提供了一条引导个体走向超越的路径。只有经由教育,受教育者才能实现超越。超越体现为一个自我运动的长期过程,一个在自我与他者的对立运动之中逐渐实现超越的教育过程。本文采用现象学的方法详细深入地考察了,在教育过程之中这一自我运动的阶段、形态、性质与动力,合理地表现了自我实现超越的必然过程。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this thesis is to rethink the meaning of education, which is the fundamental question of educational philosophy: that is, what does education mean to people? The whole investigation of modern education indicates a basic fact, that is, modern education has been reconstructed into the totality of modernity and faced with the loss and anxiety of the meaning of life. It is no longer possible to provide a way for modern people to transcend themselves. Therefore, this way of asking questions links education with a desire for real life. The pursuit of the meaning of education can not be separated from the metaphysics of life. This metaphysical desire for real life ultimately shows that the ego transcends the infinite other, and that transcendence is only associated with the infinite other. Is the real transcendence. The revelation of goodness in the transcendence of the self towards the infinite other reveals the inherent stipulation of self-transcendence. Infinity is the infinite of goodness. The ego is in the love of others and the pursuit of justice. The dilemma of love is that when it faces its absolute responsibility to others, it discovers the problems of justice brought about by the diversity of others. Transcending the boundless demands of goodness and justice. Since justice prescribes the ethical nature of the community, in this sense, family life, social life, Political life has become the three inextricable ways of self-transcendence. Self-transcendence represents a difficult but unstoppable pursuit for forging a great personality. Similarly, education is a way of transcending oneself. In response to a child's call, education makes itself an educator when it turns a child into an educatee. The secret of education is, It realizes its own transcendence in the process of helping children to transcend. Education regards good and justice as its essential stipulation, and guides the educated towards good and justice. Therefore, education is embodied as a kind of historical inheritance of transcendence. It is through the constant affirmation of time that education is presented as a kind of near eternal hope. Education is for the sake of individual transcendence. In this sense, education provides a way to lead individuals to transcendence. Only through education, can the educated achieve transcendence. Transcendence is a long process of self-movement. An educational process in which transcendence is gradually realized in the opposite movement of the self and the other. In this paper, the phenomenological method is used to investigate in detail the stage, form, nature and motive force of this self-movement in the process of education. Reasonable performance of self-realization of the inevitable process of transcendence.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G40

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