基于个体特征和任务复杂度的研究生信息行为研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 15:12

本文选题：个体特征　切入点：任务复杂度　出处：《南京大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着互联网的迅猛发展,信息量呈指数级激增,海量的文献资源为科研活动提供了支撑,同时也造成了信息过载。研究表明,研究生在科研活动中花费了大量的时间进行信息查询,大约占到整个科研过程的一半,因此对研究生信息行为的研究具有重要意义。通过对现有研究成果的梳理,论文将研究生的个体特征分为性别、专业、学历和高校等四个方面；将Robinson的情感认知理论用于判断任务复杂性；根据Wilson的信息行为定义将研究生信息行为分为信息检索途径、信息检索方式、信息交流和信息利用等四个方面；据此作者构建个体特征和任务复杂度对研究生信息行为的影响模型。本文以南京大学、浙江大学、东南大学和南京邮电大学在读研究生为研究对象,采用调查问卷(问卷主体包括研究生个体特征、任务复杂度判断和研究生信息行为等三部分)收集研究数据,用肯德尔相关系数探讨了个体特征对研究生信息行为的影响,用结构方程模型分析了任务复杂度对研究生信息行为的影响。研究结果显示：性别对研究生信息行为的影响甚微,仅对研究生检索方式的选择存在微弱影响；学历对研究生信息行为的影响强于前者,但也主要影响研究生的信息利用行为；较之前两者,专业和高校对对研究生检索方式的选择存在显著影响,对其它三种信息行为也具有一定的影响；任务复杂度对研究生的信息检索途径和信息利用行为有显著影响。论文主要分为三大部分,由七个章节构成：第一部分,包括第一章和第二章。对国内外相关研究进行综述,形成本研究的理论基础。综述文献主要针对任务复杂度、信息行为及其影响因素,梳理了信息行为和任务复杂度相关理论,界定了本文中研究生信息行为、个体特征和任务复杂度等概念,确定了本文的研究思路。第二部分,包括第三章、第四章、第五章和第六章。该部分是本文的主体,探讨了研究生信息行为的影响因素,很多学者研究发现性别、学历等个体因素以及任务的复杂程度对个体的信息行为会产生影响,在此基础上,提出了相关假设,并且构建了个体特征和任务复杂度对研究生信息行为的影响模型；设计了调查问卷,发放对象是四所高校的在读研究生,共收集到146份有效问卷,对收集到的问卷进行信度检验：统计分析了研究生信息行为的特征,利用SPSS和Lisrel软件分析收集到的数据,对研究假设进行了验证,发现个体特征和任务复杂度都对研究生的信息行为存在一定的影响。第三部分,即第七章。对本文进行了总结,讨论了本次研究有待完善的地方。提出后期研究可以从个体因素、环境因素和任务因素三个角度构建一个系统的信息行为影响模型,指出可以将任务复杂度的研究拓展到其他群体的信息行为中。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the Internet, the amount of information increases exponentially. The massive literature resources provide support for scientific research activities, but also cause information overload.The research shows that graduate students spend a lot of time on information inquiry in scientific research activities, accounting for about half of the whole research process, so it is of great significance to study the information behavior of graduate students.By combing the existing research results, the thesis divides the individual characteristics of graduate students into four aspects: gender, major, academic background and university, and applies Robinson's theory of emotional cognition to judge the complexity of the task.According to the definition of information behavior of Wilson, the information behavior of graduate students is divided into four aspects: the way of information retrieval, the way of information retrieval, the exchange of information and the utilization of information.Based on this, the author builds a model of the influence of individual characteristics and task complexity on the information behavior of graduate students.This paper takes the graduate students of Nanjing University, Zhejiang University, Southeast University and Nanjing University of posts and Telecommunications as the research objects, and adopts the questionnaire (the main body of the questionnaire includes the individual characteristics of the graduate students).Task complexity judgment and postgraduates' information behavior are collected. Kendall correlation coefficient is used to study the influence of individual characteristics on graduate students' information behavior.The influence of task complexity on information behavior of graduate students is analyzed by using structural equation model.The results show that: gender has little effect on graduate students' information behavior, but only has a weak influence on the choice of graduate students' retrieval methods, education has a stronger impact on graduate students' information behavior than the former, but also mainly affects the information utilization behavior of graduate students.The thesis is divided into three parts, which are composed of seven chapters: the first part, including the first chapter and the second chapter.The related research at home and abroad is reviewed to form the theoretical basis of this study.Aiming at the task complexity, information behavior and its influencing factors, the literature reviews the related theories of information behavior and task complexity, and defines the concepts of information behavior, individual characteristics and task complexity of graduate students in this paper.The research idea of this paper is determined.The second part includes the third chapter, the fourth chapter, the fifth chapter and the sixth chapter.This part is the main body of this paper, discusses the influencing factors of information behavior of graduate students. Many scholars have found that gender, academic background and task complexity will have an impact on the information behavior of individuals.The related hypotheses are put forward, and the influence model of individual characteristics and task complexity on the information behavior of graduate students is constructed, and a questionnaire is designed, which is distributed to graduate students in four colleges and universities, and 146 valid questionnaires are collected.The reliability of the collected questionnaires is tested: the characteristics of information behavior of graduate students are statistically analyzed, and the data collected are analyzed by SPSS and Lisrel software, and the research hypotheses are verified.It is found that both individual characteristics and task complexity have a certain impact on the information behavior of graduate students.The third part is the seventh chapter.This article is summarized, and the research needs to be improved.It is put forward that a systematic information behavior influence model can be constructed from three aspects of individual factor, environment factor and task factor, and it is pointed out that the study of task complexity can be extended to the information behavior of other groups.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G643;G358

【共引文献】