论美国研究生学位授予权管理

发布时间：2018-04-30 23:08

本文选题：美国 + 研究生学位　；参考：《河北大学》2006年硕士论文

【摘要】：美国是世界上研究生教育发达的国家,其培养的研究生为美国的发展做出了巨大的贡献。然而美国并没有全国统一的学位授权管理机构,研究生学位主要是由大学授予,而大学的学位授予权主要是向所在州的立法机关申请。本文从历史的角度考察了美国研究生教育的学位授予权管理,并对其管理的思想进行了分析。美国研究生学位授予权管理属于学术管理范畴,大学自治、学术自由和教授治校是学术管理的三项基本原则,而且美国高校管理体制又是地方分权制,这样便限制了州政府全面干预学术事务。大学在获得办学许可与学位授予权后,只要不违背法律,便可独自管理。大学拥有具体学科的学位授予权,授予的学位质量是由非官方的认证组织进行评价。没有通过评价的学科,学位授予权就会被取消。另外,学校也会根据市场的需求调整学科的设置。美国有其独特的教育制度,虽然大学高度自治,政府不直接管理,但是美国形成了一套严格的评价制度,以保证大学的教育质量。采用第三方评价的方式使美国研究生学位授予权不是一成不变,而是处于动态的管理中。
[Abstract]:The United States is a developed country of graduate education in the world, and its graduate students have made great contributions to the development of the United States. However, the United States does not have a unified national authority for the granting of degrees. Graduate degrees are mainly awarded by universities, which mainly apply to the legislature of the state in which they are granted. From the historical point of view, this paper investigates the management of the degree granting right in American graduate education, and analyzes its management thought. The administration of the right to grant degrees to graduate students in the United States belongs to the scope of academic management. The autonomy of universities, academic freedom and the management of universities by professors are three basic principles of academic management, and the administrative system of American colleges and universities is a decentralized system. This limits the state's overall intervention in academic affairs. The university can be managed independently if it does not violate the law after obtaining the right to run a school and grant a degree. Universities have the right to award degrees in specific disciplines, and the quality of degrees awarded is evaluated by unofficial certification organizations. If the subject is not evaluated, the right to grant a degree will be revoked. In addition, the school will adjust to the needs of the market discipline settings. The United States has its own unique educational system. Although universities have a high degree of autonomy and the government does not directly manage, the United States has formed a set of strict evaluation system to ensure the quality of university education. The adoption of third-party evaluation makes the right to grant graduate degrees in the United States not static, but in the dynamic management.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：G643

【引证文献】