我国硕士研究生教育投资决策研究

发布时间：2018-06-27 18:36

本文选题：硕士研究生教育 + 教育投资　；参考：《天津理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国高等教育由精英教育向大众化教育的转变,不少本科生为了应对社会经济结构调整和技术变革的挑战,将眼光投向了更高层次的研究生教育。整个社会对于研究生教育的需求规模达到了空前。然而随着硕士研究生培养规模的持续快速扩大,一些高校因盲目地重视硕士研究生的培养规模而忽视硕士研究生的培养质量,导致其培养的学生满足不了经济社会发展的要求;越来越多的硕士研究生涌入劳动市场,使得同等学历毕业生对工作岗位的竞争异常激烈,就业形势日益严峻。一些硕士研究生不得不降格就业,选择一些低学历要求的岗位就职,这导致部分硕士研究生的待遇与以往同等学历的学生相比出现逐年下降的趋势。硕士研究生教育投资预期收益的不确定性大大增强。而2014年,国家开始全面取消研究生公费,这使得硕士研究生背负的升学成本更大。在这样的双重压力下,很多高校本科生在毕业之际对于“就业”与“读研”之间如何选择的问题陷入了迷茫。正是为了对这一现实问题进行解答,文章通过结合国内外相关文献和人力资本投资理论、“理性人”假设等相关理论确定了我国硕士研究生教育投资决策分析的方法即确定型情况下采用差额净现值法和明塞尔收益率法进行比较分析。考虑到硕士研究生教育投资期间所遇到的投资风险,文章通过利用标准差的方式将风险变量引入明塞收入方程,从而确定了风险型情况下的决策分析方法。然后以天津市2014级硕士研究生的具体情况为例进行了实证分析,最终得出确定型情况下天津市2014级硕士研究生投资差额净现值在149788.61-166221.45元之间,硕士研究生教育明塞尔收益率为16.1%;风险型情况下硕士研究生教育投资明塞收益率为15.8%。这表明就天津市2014级硕士研究生而言,其硕士教育投资决策是值得的。为了进一步优化硕士研究生教育个人投资决策,文章的最后从内部和外部两个角度提出了相应的对策建议。
[Abstract]:With the transformation of higher education from elite education to popular education, many undergraduate students have turned their eyes to higher level graduate education in order to meet the challenge of social economic structure adjustment and technological change. The demand for graduate education in the whole society has reached an unprecedented scale. However, with the continuous and rapid expansion of the scale of postgraduate training, some colleges and universities blindly attach importance to the training scale of graduate students and ignore the quality of the cultivation of graduate students, resulting in their students can not meet the requirements of economic and social development; More and more graduate students are flocking into the labor market, which makes the competition of the equivalent graduates on the job is extremely fierce, and the employment situation is becoming increasingly severe. Some graduate students have to demote their jobs and choose some positions with low academic qualifications, which leads to the decreasing trend of the salaries of some graduate students compared with the students with the same degree in the past. The uncertainty of the expected return on graduate education investment is greatly enhanced. In 2014, the state began to completely eliminate public fees for graduate students, making it more expensive for graduate students to pursue their studies. Under such double pressure, many undergraduates are confused about how to choose between "employment" and "graduate school" at the time of graduation. It is in order to solve this practical problem that the article combines the domestic and foreign literature and the theory of human capital investment. The theory of "rational person" and other related theories have determined the methods of investment decision analysis for graduate students in China, that is, the difference net present value method and the Minsel rate of return method are used to compare and analyze them in the case of deterministic type. Considering the investment risk encountered during the period of education investment, the paper introduces the risk variable into the Minsai income equation by using the standard deviation, and then determines the decision analysis method in the case of risk type. Then taking the concrete situation of Tianjin 2014 graduate students as an example, it is concluded that the net present value of investment difference of Tianjin 2014 graduate students is in the range of 149788.61-166221.45 yuan, and finally the net present value of investment difference of Tianjin 2014 graduate students is in the range of 149788.61-166221.45 yuan. The Mincer rate of return for graduate education is 16.1k. The return rate for investment in graduate education is 15.8kW. This indicates that the investment decision of master's education is worthwhile for Tianjin 2014 graduate students. In order to further optimize the decision of individual investment in graduate education, this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions from both internal and external perspectives.
【学位授予单位】：天津理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G643

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