研究生学位授权审核改革理念

发布时间：2018-12-09 14:32

【摘要】：研究生学位授权审核是研究生教育体系的重要组成部分,"服务需求、提高质量"是现在及今后一段时间中国研究生学位授权审核制度改革理念。但目前学位授权审核实践难以满足"服务需求、提高质量"的要求,高校存在盲目申点、学科点规模只增不减等问题,导致资源浪费和质量危机。本研究通过对68位国务院学位委员中的38位进行半结构式访谈,采用质性分析软件Nvivo8.0对访谈结果进行分析。研究结果表明,国务院学位委员们认同"服务需求、提高质量"发展理念,尤其应将"提高质量"作为改革的中心,继续完善学位授权审核质量保障和监督体系。学位授权审核需要从优化结构与布局、完善内外部质量保障体系、放权省级学位办、调整学科专业目录和学位授权审核常态化等方面贯彻落实。但在优化结构是否要达到区域平衡、质量保障是否要纳入"第三方评估"、放权给谁和下放哪些权力、研究生发展规模是否要扩大、面对跨学科、新学科的出现如何调整学科目录和学位授权审核是否应该常态化等具体实施策略上存在一些争议。现代学位授权审核制度应该在外在需求与内在质量之间寻求适当的平衡。研究生学位授权审核要抓好顶层设计,构建边界明确、国家、省(市)和高校三者协作的权责管理体系,优化研究生教育结构与科学布局,健全授权点动态调整机制,缓解区域研究生教育不均衡发展矛盾,创新内外联动的质量保障体系,体现其动态性、法治性、权威性和常态化的特质,促进研究生教育高水平发展。
[Abstract]:Graduate degree authorization audit is an important part of graduate education system. "Service demand, improve quality" is the reform idea of graduate degree authorization audit system in China now and in a period of time to come. However, the practice of degree authorization audit is difficult to meet the requirements of "service demand, improve quality". There are some problems in colleges and universities, such as blind application, increasing the scale of subject points, etc., which lead to waste of resources and quality crisis. In this study, 38 out of 68 academic committee members of the State Council were interviewed in a semi-structured way, and the results were analyzed by qualitative analysis software Nvivo8.0. The research results show that the academic degree committee members of the State Council agree with the concept of "service demand, improve quality", especially "improve quality" as the center of reform, and continue to improve the quality assurance and supervision system of degree authorization audit. It is necessary to optimize the structure and layout, perfect the internal and external quality assurance system, devolve power to provincial level office, adjust the subject catalogue and regularize the degree authorization audit, and so on. However, whether to achieve regional balance in optimizing the structure, whether quality assurance should be included in "third party assessment", who should be delegated authority and what powers should be delegated, whether the scale of graduate development should be expanded, and whether to face interdisciplinary development, There are some controversies on how to adjust the subject catalogue and whether the audit of degree authorization should be regularized. The modern degree authorization audit system should strike a proper balance between external demand and internal quality. Graduate degree authorization audit should do a good job in top-level design, construct a power and responsibility management system with clear boundaries, cooperation among the state, province (city) and universities, optimize the structure and scientific layout of graduate education, and improve the dynamic adjustment mechanism of authorization points. To alleviate the contradiction of regional graduate education's unbalanced development, to innovate the internal and external linkage quality guarantee system, to embody its characteristics of dynamic, rule of law, authority and normality, and to promote the high level development of graduate education.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学教育学部;
【基金】：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“我国社会需求变化与学位授予体系发展前瞻研究”(15JZD041) 中国学位与研究生教育学会2015年度课题“学位授权审核办法改革方案研究”(A2-2015Y0605-001)
【分类号】：G643

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