我国铜产业发展现状研究

发布时间：2018-02-28 18:09

本文关键词： 铜产业资源型产业风险保障基金　出处：《中国地质大学(北京)》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国已进入工业化的中后期,产业结构随之调整与优化,对矿产资源的需求规模与种类也在发生改变。参照世界各国发展轨迹,结合信息经济的时代背景,工业化中后期的经济业态为精细产业、化工产业、高端服务业(房地产等),社会发展水平表现为基础设施的逐步完善与交通设施的日趋发达。非能源矿产资源需求的种类从冶金、有色等转变为有色、非金属。据预测,我国以铜金属为代表的有色金属需求峰值远没有达到。目前,我国人均铜消费是7.5公斤,是发达国家人均15公斤的一半。经济新常态下,第二产业所占比重仍将持续稳定,大规模城镇化带来的基础设施投资与房地产投资增加。凡此种种都会加大对铜的需求。因此,铜产业的良性发展是必须要保障的。本文在充分研读前人研究成果的基础上,首先从我国近年来铜需求总量、铜需求结构分析需求特点,并结合经济社会发展阶段对资源的需求特点与国外对比分析需求未来趋势;从我国铜产能、产量、进口等数据变化分析我国铜供给现状。其次,分析我国铜产业的产业特点,解剖典型铜冶炼企业,找出目前我国铜产业产能利用率偏低、获利能力弱、抵御价格波动能力不强等问题的原因。进而结合我国其他行业价格调节基金的产业政策措施,提出建立我国铜产业风险保障基金的制度设想,并进一步提出了具体的实施措施。同时,本文也是基于以下两个方面的背景开展研究:国内铜产业发展正在实现平稳过渡,走势较为稳定,但也面临着环境成本增加,价格波动风险加大,业内发展分化明显,利润率较低等问题,影响未来持续健康发展的根基;另一方面,当前在国内经济增速放缓的背景下,铜的消费需求仍有增长空间,在各项稳增长措施推进及经济转型的背景下,新的经济环境将带来产业新机遇。总之,提升或保持自身资源供给能力是保障经济安全、乃至国家安全的有效举措。政府在提升资源供给能力领域具有责任,更具有能力。
[Abstract]:China has entered the middle and late stage of industrialization, the industrial structure has been adjusted and optimized, and the demand for mineral resources has also changed. In the middle and late stage of industrialization, the economic form is fine industry and chemical industry. High-end service industry (real estate, etc.) the level of social development is shown by the gradual improvement of infrastructure and the development of transportation facilities. The demand for non-energy mineral resources has changed from metallurgy and non-ferrous to non-ferrous, non-metallic. The peak demand for non-ferrous metals in China, represented by copper metals, is far from reaching its peak. At present, China's per capita copper consumption is 7.5 kg, which is half of the 15 kg per capita in developed countries. In the new normal economy, the proportion of secondary industries will remain stable. The investment in infrastructure and real estate caused by large-scale urbanization will increase the demand for copper. Therefore, the healthy development of copper industry must be guaranteed. First of all, we analyze the demand characteristics from the total copper demand in recent years, the structure of copper demand, and the characteristics of resource demand in the stage of economic and social development, and analyze the future trend of demand from abroad, from the copper production capacity and output in China. Secondly, analyzing the industrial characteristics of China's copper industry, dissecting typical copper smelting enterprises, finding out that the capacity utilization ratio of China's copper industry is on the low side and the profitability is weak. Based on the industrial policies and measures of price adjustment fund in other industries, the paper puts forward the institutional assumption of establishing the risk protection fund of copper industry in China. At the same time, this paper is based on the following two aspects: the development of domestic copper industry is achieving a smooth transition, the trend is relatively stable, but also facing increased environmental costs, Such problems as increased risk of price fluctuations, marked differentiation in the industry, and low profit margins affect the foundation for sustained and healthy development in the future. On the other hand, in the context of the slowing domestic economic growth, there is still room for growth in copper consumption demand. In the context of various measures to stabilize growth and economic transformation, the new economic environment will bring new opportunities for industry. Even effective measures of national security. The government has the responsibility and the ability to enhance the supply of resources.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.32

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