三维全景漫游技术及应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-08 18:15

本文选题：虚拟现实　切入点：图像拼接　出处：《云南财经大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：360°全景又称虚拟现实全景或三维全景，是目前迅速发展并流行的一个虚拟现实的分支，它是基于序列图片的数字三维全景技术，也是近年来图像绘制技术的重要研究内容。广义上的360°全景是一种基于图像处理的虚拟漫游技术，也叫虚拟现实（Virtual Reality）全景。它是一种基于图像的虚拟现实技术，它用拍摄到的真实照片经过加工处理让用户产生三维真实的感觉，这是普通图片和三维建模技术都做不到的。虽然普通的图片也可以起到展示和记录的作用，但是它的视角范围受限，也没有立体感，而360°全景在给用户提供全方位视角的基础上，还给人带来三维立体感觉，好像置身于其中。正是因为他的这种优势，数字三维全景已经开始被应用到数字三维校园、网络三维业务、医疗、航空、房地产、旅游风光等领域。而球面全景图相对其他几种模型更符合人们的观察习惯，具有更好的视觉效果，所以本文重点对球面全景图的生成技术进行了研究。本文系统的研究了全景图生成技术中的几个关键技术，在理论研究的同时，还与云南财经大学档案馆的数字化建设相结合，完成了云南财经大学校史馆的三维全景系统制作，通过实践，对论文中虚拟全景技术的现实意义、关键技术等相关研究内容有了更深层理解。首先，本文结合国内外虚拟现实的发展研究状况，介绍了全景技术的基本概念及其优势。常用的几种投影模型：球面投影模型、柱面投影模型和立方体投影模型，在比较各自优缺点之后，决定本文选择球面投影模型。然后介绍了三维全景生成的流程，包括图像采集中设备的选择、拍摄注意事项、图像预处理、图像拼接、融合、球面反投影算法、后期制作等相关步骤中的一些基础知识，并重点对图像的拼接和融合算法进行了深入研究，在保留先前算法优点的基础上对之进行了改进，通过实验证明，改进后的算法比改进前拥有更好的拼接融合质量。最后，与云南财经大学校史馆的三维全景制作相结合，将论文中研究的全景制作技术得到了应用，，通过实践，使理论知识的研究得到更进一步的理解，做到了理论与实践相结合。
[Abstract]:360 掳panorama, which is also called virtual reality panorama or 3D panorama, is a branch of virtual reality, which is rapidly developed and popular at present. It is a digital 3D panoramic technology based on sequence images, and it is also an important research content of image rendering technology in recent years.In general, 360 掳panorama is a virtual roaming technology based on image processing, also called virtual reality panorama.It is a kind of virtual reality technology based on image. It can make the user feel 3D reality by processing the real photos, which can not be done by the common picture and 3D modeling technology.Although ordinary pictures can also play the role of display and recording, but its view range is limited, there is no three-dimensional sense, and 360 掳panorama gives the user a full view of the basis, also bring a three-dimensional feeling.Seems to be in the middle.It is precisely because of this advantage that digital 3D panorama has been applied to digital 3D campus, network 3D business, medical, aviation, real estate, tourism and other fields.Compared with other models, spherical panoramic images are more in line with people's observation habits and have better visual effects. Therefore, this paper focuses on the research of spherical panoramic image generation technology.This paper systematically studies several key technologies of panoramic image generation technology. At the same time of theoretical research, it also combines with the digitization construction of Yunnan University of Finance and Economics Archives, and completes the 3D panoramic system production of Yunnan University of Finance and Economics University History Museum.Through practice, we have a deeper understanding of the practical significance and key technologies of virtual panorama technology in this paper.Firstly, this paper introduces the basic concepts and advantages of panoramic technology in combination with the development of virtual reality at home and abroad.Several common projection models: spherical projection model, cylindrical projection model and cube projection model. After comparing their advantages and disadvantages, the spherical projection model is chosen in this paper.Then it introduces the process of 3D panoramic generation, including the selection of equipment in image acquisition, the matters needing attention, image preprocessing, image mosaic, fusion, spherical back-projection algorithm, post-production and other related steps.The algorithm of image stitching and fusion is studied in detail and improved on the basis of preserving the advantages of the previous algorithm. The experimental results show that the improved algorithm has better quality than that before the improvement.Finally, combined with the 3D panoramic production of Yunnan University of Finance and Economics University History Museum, the panoramic production technology studied in this paper has been applied, and through practice, the research of theoretical knowledge has been further understood.The combination of theory and practice has been achieved.
【学位授予单位】：云南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TP391.41;TP391.9

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