中小企业承接服务外包的风险研究

发布时间：2019-03-16 09:05

【摘要】：服务外包伴随着全球信息化的出现,使得许多行业都享受到了这一模式带来的巨大便利：集中财力和人力开发自己擅长的核心业务的同时发包自己不擅长的业务,利用其他组织的核心能力为自己服务,无意能使企业等到更好的发展。然后服务外包给企业带来利益的前提是,企业能对抗和及时规避服务外包带来的风险。本文讨论风险对承包方的影响,是因为我国作为承包方的中小企业一方面是承接服务外包的主力,另一方面又没有足够的实力对抗服务外包过程中的风险；同样的风险,对于作为发包国的大型企业甚至跨国企业来说可能造成很大的损失,但是对于承包业务的中小企业而言可能是灭顶之灾。因此,中小企业承接服务外包更需要考虑风险的控制问题。本文从中小企业承接服务外包的特点入手,根据特点引出中小企业承接服务外包中存在的问题,再从问题中识别风险因素,归纳分析中小企业承接服务外包业务时可能遭遇的风险类型,除了一般服务外包风险研究中提到的信息不对称带来的风险和利益冲突风险外,本文还着重强调了中小企业在进行服务外包项目的全过程中,企业高层决策者的重要性和企业科学管理的必要性,对中小企业而言,企业家精神是企业发展的推动力,企业家每一次决策对中小企业而言都可能是一次风险,错误的决策可能会使企业走入绝地；而中小企业本身的管理问题也是中小企业承接服务外包过程中自身特点带来的风险。本文着重强调中小企业自身导致的这两类风险,也是因为导致这两类风险的不确定因素对企业的影响最大。然后综合运用风险度量方法对风险大小进行简单量化分析,划分风险区域。同时结合案例,进行具体阐述。最后根据风险的不同类型提出了不同的策略应对风险。并且得出结论,不是所有的风险都需要企业花费同样的财力和精力去控制,企业可以根据不同的风险区域判断风险的轻重缓急,然后合理的分配自身的资源配置,制定相应的风险策略达到风险管理和风险规避的目的。本文的创新之处在与,站在承接方的角度讨论风险对承接方的影响以及承接方的防范风险,以这个选题为考虑,对目前研究中小企业国际化和服务外包风险的文献进行了全面的归纳,将二类文献结合起来得出了研究思路。在风险度量的方法上,考虑到适用性和量化风险指标的可行性,综合运用了风险矩阵法和层次分析法,通过对风险评价指标的简单量化,使得企业在考虑应对风险方面不仅能考虑每一个风险因素的重要程度,还能把握整体上风险的大小,对风险的度量有实际意义。
[Abstract]:Service outsourcing is accompanied by the emergence of global information technology, so that many industries enjoy the tremendous convenience brought by this model: concentrating on financial and human resources to develop the core business that they are good at while contracting out the business that they are not good at. Using the core competencies of other organizations to serve themselves is not intended to enable enterprises to wait for better development. Then service outsourcing brings benefits to enterprises on the premise that enterprises can resist and avoid the risks brought by service outsourcing in a timely manner. This paper discusses the impact of risks on contractors because, on the one hand, our small and medium-sized enterprises as contractors are the main force to undertake service outsourcing, on the other hand, they do not have enough strength to counter the risks in the process of service outsourcing; The same risk may cause a lot of losses for large enterprises or even multinational enterprises in the contracting country, but it may be a disaster for small and medium-sized enterprises that contract business. Therefore, small and medium-sized enterprises to undertake service outsourcing more need to consider the risk control issues. This article starts with the characteristics of small and medium-sized enterprises to undertake service outsourcing, according to the characteristics of the small and medium-sized enterprises to undertake the service outsourcing problems, and then identify the risk factors from the problems. In addition to the risks and conflicts of interest brought about by information asymmetry mentioned in the risk study of general service outsourcing, the types of risks that small and medium-sized enterprises may encounter when undertaking service outsourcing business are summarized and analyzed. This paper also emphasizes the importance of high-level decision makers and the necessity of scientific management of SMEs in the whole process of service outsourcing projects. For small and medium-sized enterprises, entrepreneurship is the driving force for the development of enterprises. Every decision of the entrepreneur may be a risk to the small and medium-sized enterprises, and the wrong decision-making may lead the enterprise to the Jedi. The management problem of small and medium-sized enterprises is also the risk brought by their own characteristics in the process of undertaking service outsourcing. This paper emphasizes the two kinds of risks caused by small and medium-sized enterprises themselves because the uncertainty factors which lead to these two kinds of risks have the greatest influence on the enterprises. Then, a simple quantitative analysis of the risk is carried out by using the risk measurement method, and the risk area is divided. At the same time combine the case, carry on the concrete elaboration. Finally, according to the different types of risk, different strategies are put forward to deal with the risk. And draw a conclusion, not all risks need to spend the same financial resources and energy to control, enterprises can judge the priority of risk according to different risk areas, and then reasonably allocate their own resources allocation, Establish the corresponding risk strategy to achieve the purpose of risk management and risk avoidance. The innovation of this paper is to discuss the impact of risk on the contractor and the risk prevention of the contractor from the perspective of the acceptor, taking this topic as the consideration. The current literature on internationalization and service outsourcing risk of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is summarized, and the research ideas are obtained by combining the two types of literature. In the method of risk measurement, considering the applicability and feasibility of quantifying the risk index, the risk matrix method and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) are used to quantify the risk evaluation index simply. So that enterprises can not only consider the importance of each risk factor, but also grasp the overall risk, which is of practical significance to the measurement of risk.
【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F276.3;F719;F224

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