中国经济开放对服务业结构的影响研究

发布时间：2019-03-27 18:50

【摘要】：改革开放以来，服务业发展已成为中国经济增长的重要引擎。中国《2011年政府工作报告》中指出要加快发展生产性服务业，积极发展生活性服务业。这表明政府已对中国服务业结构提出了更高的要求。而目前国内外关于服务业结构变动的影响因素研究一般仅针对国内因素进行分析，较少涉及国际环境，而开放是中国一直以来坚持的基本国策，也是中国服务业结构升级的重要推动力量。基于此，本文在当前全球经济一体化背景下研究经济开放对服务业结构的影响，目的在于探索经济开放下中国服务业结构升级新路径。在梳理国内外关于服务业结构变动、经济开放、经济开放与服务业发展等相关研究成果的基础上，从服务贸易结构、需求结构、供给结构三个视角构建经济开放对服务业结构影响的作用机制。在机制分析的基础上通过建立实证模型并采1990-2009年间的相关数据，运用相关分析和回归分析，从经济开放的两个方面（贸易开放和投资开放）入手，分别验证贸易开放和投资开放对服务业内部四个方面（流通服务业、生产服务业、消费服务业和社会服务业）比重的影响。通过实证发现：（1）贸易开放度的提高会显著降低流通服务业增加值占服务业的比重，提高社会服务业比重，但是对生产服务业和消费服务业比重的影响不显著。（2）投资开放度的提高会显著提高流通服务业和消费服务业的比重，显著降低社会服务业的比重，而对生产服务业比重影响不显著。从而发现，投资开放度的提高对中国服务业结构有一定的优化作用，而贸易开放则还没有发挥其对服务业结构的优化作用。进而本文从服务贸易竞争力，，中间需求动力、最终需求动力、投入结构四个方面进行原因分析。结合理论作用机制、实证结果和原因分析，提出优化中国服务结构的对策建议：进一步加大服务业投资开放力度，提升服务贸易竞争力，加快制造业结构升级，完善收入分配制度。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the development of service industry has become an important engine of China's economic growth. China's 2011 government work report points out that it is necessary to speed up the development of producer services and actively develop bioactive services. This shows that the government has put forward higher requirements for China's service sector structure. At present, the domestic and foreign studies on the influencing factors of structural changes in the service industry are generally based on the analysis of domestic factors, and rarely involve the international environment. However, opening up is the basic national policy that China has been adhering to all along. It is also an important driving force for the upgrading of China's service industry structure. Based on this, this paper studies the impact of economic opening on the structure of service industry under the background of global economic integration, in order to explore a new way to upgrade the structure of China's service industry under the background of economic opening. On the basis of combing the domestic and foreign research achievements on structural change of service industry, economic opening and development of service industry, this paper discusses the structure of trade in services and the structure of demand. The three perspectives of supply structure are to construct the mechanism of the influence of economic opening on the structure of service industry. On the basis of mechanism analysis, through the establishment of empirical model and relevant data from 1990 to 2009, using correlation analysis and regression analysis, starting from two aspects of economic opening (trade opening and investment opening), The effects of trade opening and investment opening on the proportion of four aspects (circulation service, production service, consumer service and social service) in service industry are tested respectively. The empirical results show that: (1) the increase of trade openness will significantly reduce the proportion of value added of circulation services to services and increase the proportion of social services. However, the impact on the proportion of production and consumer services is not significant. (2) the increase in investment openness will significantly increase the proportion of circulation and consumer services, and significantly reduce the proportion of social services. However, the influence on the proportion of production and service industry is not significant. It is found that the improvement of investment openness has a certain effect on the structure of China's service industry, while the opening of trade has not yet played a role in optimizing the structure of the service industry. Then this paper analyzes the reasons from four aspects: the competitiveness of service trade, the intermediate demand power, the final demand power, and the input structure. Combined with the theoretical mechanism, empirical results and reasons analysis, this paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions to optimize China's service structure: further increase the service industry investment openness, enhance the competitiveness of service trade, and speed up the upgrading of the manufacturing industry structure. We will improve the income distribution system.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F719

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