悦来生态城土地使用的低碳化策略

发布时间：2018-03-02 20:07

本文选题：低碳住区　切入点：土地使用　出处：《重庆大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：全球气候变化危机日益严重,主要是人类活动中造成的温室气体排放所带来的结果,城市住区作为城市构成的基本单元,其低碳规划建设能够从源头降低碳排放,土地使用是住区低碳规划技术与方法实施的落脚点,其低碳化策略是住区减碳的重点研究领域。当前学界在低碳土地使用的相关研究已经拓展到住区层面,主要对空间利用基本原则和设计手法进行探讨,国内外虽已有住区低碳土地使用与控制要素的定性研究成果,但缺乏土地使用技术要素和社会要素与碳排放量相关性的实证研究,针对山地城市住区低碳规划技术的研究也相当匮乏。本文试图对重庆市主城住区土地使用技术要素和社会要素与住区使用阶段碳排放量的相关性进行实证研究,并提出山地城市住区背景下悦来生态城土地使用的低碳化策略。本研究从城乡规划学与山地人居环境学的交叉视角,运用理论研究与实证分析相结合的方法,通过对国内外低碳住区土地使用相关研究的系统梳理和全面比较,基于重庆市主城样本住区土地使用技术要素和社会要素与住区使用阶段碳排放量相关性分析,以容量、多样性,规模,空间形态,场地五类特征技术要素为导向,构建悦来生态城土地使用低碳化模式,并在充分剖析悦来生态城土地使用现状的基础上,以相关性分析与土地使用低碳化模式为导向,从用地,交通,绿色开放空间,公共服务设施,能源设施用地5大系统探究悦来生态城土地使用低碳化空间实施路径,并结合社会要素与碳排放量相关性分析提出悦来生态土地使用低碳化政策实施引导。本文研究结论包括:(1)通过灰色关联分析法对样本住区土地使用技术要素与碳排放量关联性进行分析,旧住区碳排放量与户均住房面积,建筑密度,住区公交站点服务半径与路网形式关联显著,新住区碳排放量主要受空间形态要素,包含建筑形态,容积率,建筑密度,以及公共服务设施服务半径和路网形式几类要素影响,对比新旧住区技术要素与碳排放量关联性并分析其原因,基于悦来生态城新建低碳住区这一现实,得出其规划技术要素应从建筑密度,容积率,建筑形态,路网形式,公共服务设施服务半径,公交站点服务半径6项要素进行重点控制。(2)运用结构方程模型对住区社会要素与碳排放量相关性进行分析,旧住区中家庭基本情况与居民技能要素相关性较高,基本情况与碳排放量相关性系数为0-0.29,家庭人数和家庭住房面积与碳排放量呈正相关,家庭人数越多,家庭住房面积越大,碳排放量越大;居民技能要素与碳排放量相关性系数为介于-0.74-0.09,除中密自由式住区外,居民文化水平,工资收入水平与碳排放量呈负相关,居民文化水平越高,工资收入越高,其家庭碳排放量越低。旧住区组织要素与碳排放量关系不明。新住区中家庭基本情况与碳排放量相关性较大,其相关性系数为-0.3-0.32,规律与旧住区大体相同;居民技能要素与碳排放量相关性系数为介于-0.05-0.27,规律不同与旧住区,除高密点式类住区外,居民文化水平,工资收入水平与碳排放量呈负相关,居民文化水平越高,工资收入越高,其家庭碳排放量越低;新住区组织要素与碳排放量相关性为-0.25-0.04,大体表现为住区低碳制度与意识普及情况与碳排放量呈负相关,低碳意识普及率越高,低碳活动举办力度越强,住区碳排放量越小。通过研究表明,作为规划管理可控要素,悦来生态城政策实施应结合规划管理工作进行低碳制度的制定与低碳共有意识的普及,以降低碳排放量。(3)基于技术要素与碳排放量关联性分析,提取与悦来生态城土地使用低碳规划相关的容量,多样性,规模,形态,场地特征五类技术要素,重点从建筑密度,容积率,建筑形态,路网形式,公共服务设施服务半径,公交站点服务半径6类要素提出低碳规划控制指标,构建悦来生态城土地使用低碳化模式。以技术要素指标共组合8类符合社会与经济住区模式包括:低密低混大街区,低密低混中街区,中密低混中街区,中密中高混中街区,中高密中混中街区,中高密高混中街区,高密中混小街区,高密高混小街区土地使用情景模型。(4)根据技术要素与碳排放量相关性研究,结合土地使用低碳化模式,最终得出悦来生态城土地使用低碳化空间实施策略应采用低密低混大街区,中密中高混中街区,中高密中混中街区与高密高混小街区四类模式的组合形式。基于悦来生态城现状,从用地,交通,绿色开放空间,公共服务设施,能源设施用地5大系统,重点以建筑密度,容积率,建筑形态,路网形式,公共服务设施服务半径,公交站点服务半径要素6类要素对悦来生态城进行土地使用控制,提出悦来生态城具体的低碳空间实施途径。(5)以社会要素与碳排放量相关性研究为基础,与当前规划管理工作结合,从提升规划管理技术环境,建立全过程土地使用低碳化实施管理机制,激励市场参与低碳社区建设与培养居民低碳共有意识4方面提出悦来生态城土地使用低碳化政策实施途径。本文采用相关性分析对住区土地使用技术要素和社会要素与住区使用阶段碳排放量相关性进行了定量的实证研究,提升了住区土地使用低碳化技术方法的科学性与有效性。以相关性研究为导向,构建悦来生态城土地使用低碳化模式,弥补了我国山地城市住区低碳化土地使用模式不足。悦来生态城土地使用低碳化实施途径的建立,为悦来生态城在我国低碳住区示范提供了规划技术与方法的经验指导。
[Abstract]:The global climate change crisis is increasingly serious, is mainly caused by human activities in the greenhouse gas emissions caused by the city basic unit area as a city, the planning and construction of low carbon can reduce carbon emissions from the source, the implementation of residential land use is low carbon planning techniques and methods, the low-carbon strategy is focus on the field of residential area reduction of carbon emissions. The current academic research in low-carbon land use has extended to the residential level, mainly to the space using the basic principles and design techniques are discussed, both at home and abroad have low carbon residential land use and control elements of the qualitative research results, but lack of empirical research on land use technology and social elements and carbon emission quantity, in the research area of low carbon technology in the mountain city planning is quite scarce. This paper attempts to residential land use in Chongqing city. Empirical research on the correlation operation and social elements and residential use of carbon emissions, and put forward the strategy to low-carbon eco city land use of the area under the background of the mountain city Wyatt. This study from the perspective of mountain urban and rural planning and cross science of human settlements, using the method of combining theoretical research and empirical analysis. Through to the domestic and foreign low carbon residential land use system to sort out the relevant research and comprehensive comparison, sample urban residential districts of Chongqing city land use technology and social elements and correlation analysis, the stage of carbon emissions using settlements based on capacity, diversity, scale, space form, space characteristics of five types of elements of technology oriented construction of Yuelai eco city land use low-carbon mode, and in the full analysis based Yuelai eco city land use status, by correlation analysis and land use patterns of low carbon oriented, from Land, traffic, green open space, public service facilities, energy facilities for the 5 systems to explore Wyatt implementation path of eco city land use low-carbon space, combined with the analysis of the correlation between social factors and carbon emissions is proposed to implement Wyatt guide ecological land use low carbon policies. This study conclusions are as follows: (1) through the grey relational analysis method of land use live related technical elements and carbon emissions on the sample analysis, the old residential area of carbon emissions and the average housing area, building density, residential area and road bus station service radius form associated significantly, new settlements of carbon emissions is mainly affected by the factors of space form, including the architectural form, volume ratio, building density, public service facilities and service radius and several kinds of factors that influence the form of road network, comparing the old and new residential areas and technical factors of carbon emissions correlation and analysis of its causes, based on Ecological Wyatt The city of new low carbon residential area of the reality, the planning elements from the building density, floor area ratio, building form, the form of road network, the service radius of public service facilities, focus on the control of bus station service radius of 6 elements. (2) the use of structural equation model and the correlation factors of carbon emissions will be analyzed on the residential area agency, old residential district in the basic situation of the family and household skills have high correlation with the basic situation of carbon emission correlation coefficient is 0-0.29, the number of positive family and family housing area and carbon emissions, the number of family, family housing area is greater, the greater the carbon emissions; residents skill factors of carbon emission and correlation coefficient is between -0.74-0.09, except in the free style residential area residents, cultural level is negatively related to the level of wage income and carbon emissions, the residents have higher cultural level, wage income is higher, the household carbon emissions The volume is low. The old settlements of relationship between carbon emissions is unknown. New residential area between the basic situation of the family and a large amount of carbon emissions, the correlation coefficient is -0.3-0.32, law and the old residential district is approximately the same as residents; skill factors of carbon emission and the correlation coefficient is between -0.05-0.27, and the law of different old residential district. In addition to high-density type residential area residents, cultural level is negatively related to level of wage income and carbon emissions, the residents have higher cultural level, wage income is higher, the household carbon emissions is lower; the new settlements of related factors of carbon emission and -0.25-0.04, negatively related mainly in residential area low carbon system and consciousness and carbon emissions, low carbon awareness rate is high, low carbon activities more strong, residential carbon emissions less. Through research, planning and management as a controllable factor, Yue state city policy implementation should be next The combination of planning and management of the development of low-carbon system consciousness and popularization of low carbon, to reduce carbon emissions. (3) analysis and technical factors of carbon emissions based on relevance, extraction and Wyatt associated with the planning of low carbon eco city land use capacity, diversity, size, shape, site characteristics five kinds of technical elements, mainly from the building density, floor area ratio, building form, the form of road network, the service radius of public service facilities, bus station service radius of 6 kinds of elements of low carbon planning control index, constructing Yuelai eco city land use pattern. In order to low-carbon technology index is combined with 8 social and economic settlements mixed mode including: low density low Street area, low density and low in mixed blocks in dense low concrete blocks, in dense high concrete blocks in the block in high density mixed, mixed in Gaomi in blocks, small blocks in the mixed density, high-density and mixed small blocks of land use Scene model. (4) according to the related research and technical factors of carbon emissions, combined with land use low-carbon model, finally obtains the Wyatt to carry out the strategy of land use eco city low-carbon space should be used in low density low mixed Street area, in dense high concrete blocks in high density mixed combination area and high-density mixed street small blocks of four modes. Yuelai eco city based on the situation of the traffic from the land and the green open space, public service facilities, energy facilities for the 5 systems, the key to building density, floor area ratio, building form, the form of road network, public service facilities, service radius, bus station service radius of 6 elements elements of the Yuelai eco city land use control, put forward low carbon space Yuelai eco city concrete ways. (5) to study the relationship between social factors and carbon emissions as the foundation, and the combination of planning and management, from planning and management Technology environment, establish the whole process of land use low-carbon management mechanism, encourage market participation in low carbon community construction and training of residents of low carbon has 4 aspects put forward to implement the Wyatt way to low carbon eco city land use policy. This paper uses correlation analysis on residential land use technology and social elements and residential use the carbon emissions of the relativity between the quantitative empirical research, enhance the scientific and effective for low carbon technology method of land use. The correlation research oriented to construct low-carbon mode using Yue type eco city land, make up the mountain city in China lack of low-carbon land use district established to Wyatt mode. The way to use low carbon eco city land, ecological city planning provides experience to guide the technology and methods in China's low carbon residential demonstration Wyatt.

【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F299.23;TU984

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