吉林远通路桥集团项目开发PPP模式的战略研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 14:26

本文选题：基础设施 + 项目融资　；参考：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：完善的基础设施系统可以改善和提高人民居住环境的质量,城市基础设施在城市建设和发展中发挥着重要作用,特别是中小城镇赖以生存和发展的基础。因此,中小城镇要想取得发展,就必须关注于基础设施的建立和完善。从总体上看,我国的城镇化发展状况并不平衡,中小城镇对基础设施的建设能力较弱。相对于中心城市而言,中小城镇基础设施的数量和整体水平都较为落后,而这将成为制约中小城镇发展的一个重要因素。在我国城镇化发展的进程中,为了保证公共基础设施的建立,政府采用了多种市政基础设施项目融资模式。国家以及地方政府已经逐步建立起相关的法律法规为项目融资模式的落实提供保障,这些融资模式随着基础设施项目实践经验的积累而得到不断改进,日益发展成熟。近几年来,多种融资模式在城镇基础设施的建设过程中被广泛使用,推动了我国城镇化的快速发展。城镇化的发展需要投入大量的资金到公共基础设施的建设中,这使得公共基础设施投资在政府的财政支出中占较大比例。而政府的资金有限,承担全部公共基础设施投资的风险较大,政府资金不足以支撑项目投资,这成为了公共基础设施建设的绊脚石。为了解决资金不足的问题,公共基础设施项目必须要寻求新的融资渠道,引入社会资本。在传统的BT模式中,政府将基础设施项目的投资和建设交给投资承包方,由投资承包人垫资进行项目建设,在建设完工后再由政府进行回购。这种模式不但在建设前期使投资承包方资金负担过重,在回购时也使政府面临着较大的资金压力。在2014年,国家出台相应的宏观政策鼓励民间和社会资本进入到基础设施的建设与维护领域,为PPP模式的发展提供了外部政治基础。中小城镇本身的资源有限,市场较小,投资基础设施的风险较高,以往常规的融资模式并不适用。而采用PPP模式,由政府和私营企业共同合作,共同承担项目的收益和风险,不仅解决了地方政府资金不足的问题,也解决了BT模式中投资人资金压力过大的问题。在基础设施项目建设过程中,能够提高项目整体的运作效率和改进项目的创新能力,是中小城镇建立基础设施项目的有利选择。本文以吉林远通路桥集团为例,对集团项目开发的整体情况以及企业资金状况进行了介绍。在认识集团项目开发现状的基础上,对集团采用BT模式进行项目面临的问题进行分析,将BT模式与PPP模式进行比较,以明确企业项目开发采用PPP模式的可行性和必要性。接下来,本文将企业面临的内外部环境进行分析,并采用SWOT模型识别出企业所面临的优势、劣势、机会和威胁,确定出相应的发展战略。本文以基础设施项目融资和风险管理为切入点,阐明了PPP模式在基础设施领域运用的可行性和前景。为了保证集团项目PPP模式的有效开展,本文分析了采用PPP模式进行项目开发的战略实施和保障方案,为集团公司项目开发决策提供可靠支持。
[Abstract]:A perfect infrastructure system can improve and improve the quality of the people's living environment. The urban infrastructure plays an important role in urban construction and development, especially the basis for the survival and development of small and medium-sized cities and towns. Therefore, if the small and medium-sized towns want to achieve development, they must be concerned with the establishment and improvement of the infrastructure. The development of urbanization in China is not balanced, small and medium-sized cities and towns are weak in infrastructure construction. Relative to central cities, the number and overall level of infrastructure are relatively backward, and this will become an important factor restricting the development of small and medium-sized cities and towns. The establishment of the common infrastructure, the government has adopted a variety of municipal infrastructure project financing models. The state and local governments have gradually established relevant laws and regulations to provide guarantee for the implementation of the project financing model. These financing models have been continuously improved with the accumulation of practical experience in infrastructure projects, and are becoming more and more mature. In the past few years, a variety of financing modes have been widely used in the construction of urban infrastructure, which has promoted the rapid development of urbanization in China. The development of urbanization needs to invest a lot of funds into the construction of public infrastructure, which makes the investment of public infrastructure in a large proportion of the government's financial expenditure. In order to solve the problem of insufficient funds, public infrastructure projects must seek new financing channels and introduce social capital in order to solve the problem of insufficient funds. In the traditional BT model, the government will set up the foundation. The investment and construction of the project is given to the investment contractor. The investment contractor is funded by the investment contractor to carry out the project construction and repurchase by the government after the construction is completed. This model not only makes the investment contractor overburdened at the early stage of construction, but also makes the government face greater financial pressure during the repurchase. In 2014, the state promulgated the corresponding macro level. The policy encourages the private and social capital to enter the infrastructure construction and maintenance field, providing the external political basis for the development of the PPP model. The small and medium-sized cities and towns themselves have limited resources, small market, high risk of investment infrastructure, and the conventional financing model is not suitable for use. The PPP model is used by the government and the private enterprise. Cooperation and joint undertaking of the benefits and risks of the project not only solve the problem of the shortage of local government funds, but also solve the problem of excessive capital pressure in the BT model. In the process of infrastructure project construction, it can improve the operation efficiency of the project as a whole and improve the innovation ability of the project. It is the infrastructure project of small and medium-sized cities and towns. Taking the Jilin Luqiao group as an example, this paper introduces the overall situation of the group project development and the capital situation of the enterprise. On the basis of understanding the current situation of the group project development, this paper analyzes the problems faced by the group using the BT model, and compares the BT model with the PPP model in order to clear the enterprise project. The development of the PPP model is feasible and necessary. Next, this paper analyzes the internal and external environment of the enterprise, and identifies the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and threats that the enterprise faces with the SWOT model. This article is based on the financing and risk management of infrastructure projects, and clarifies the PPP model in this paper. In order to ensure the effective development of the PPP model of the group project, this paper analyzes the strategy implementation and guarantee scheme of the project development using the PPP model, and provides reliable support for the project development decision of the group company.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F283;F426.92

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