我国公益信托受托人制度的完善

发布时间：2018-03-16 19:11

本文选题：公益信托受托人　切入点：基金会　出处：《西南政法大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来，章子怡“诈捐门”、“郭美美事件”的爆发，导致红十字会等基金会的号召力和公信力一落千丈，究其根源还是基金会制度出了问题。公益信托作为发展公益事业的另一个重要途径，其特点在于能够使信托受益人得到更好的保护，并且具有设立程序方便快捷的特点和财产独立的优势，因此在英美法系国家，公益信托在慈善领域得到了极大地利用。像日、韩这样的大陆法系国家也广泛地引进公益信托，其目的在于弥补本国财团法人制度的缺陷。我国自2001年《信托法》也开始正式引入该制度。但是由于一些社会和法律传统等因素，公益信托制度至今在我国举步维艰。公益信托成立后，受托人按照委托人的公益目的管理和处分信托财产，从而保证受益人实现受益权，是公益信托三方当事人中的中流砥柱。因而公益信托受托人制度的完善对于公益信托制度在我国公益领域的发展和广泛适用至关重要。鉴于此，本文使用了文献综述、分析比较等方法，通过把公益信托制度与财团法人制度二者进行比较，分析出公益信托的优点，进而论证目前我国建立健全公益信托的紧迫性。接着对公益信托制度在实践运用中的缺陷进行思考，并借鉴国外信托业发达国家的做法，提出一些完善建议。本文共分为引言、正文和结语三大部分。正文共分为四部分：第一部分首先对公益信托进行概述，涵盖了公益信托的起源、法律特征和制度价值，便于下文的论述；然后对公益受托人之所以能在该法律关系里扮演重要角色的原因进行思考，并论证改善公益信托受托人制度的必要性。第二部分一开始便对目前的两大主流法系关于公益信托受托人资格的规定进行阐述，同时对我国法律的相关规定进行分析；然后通过对比两大法系的基金会制度，提出建立基金会和信托投资公司共同作为公益信徒受托人的双重体制，，发挥二者各自的优势。第三部分是对公益信托受托人的特殊权利义务内容进行分析，由于当前我国的法律条文关于此方面的规定并不详细具体，建议学习英美国家，在立法上将权利和义务具体化，使其更具指导性和操作性。第四部分论述我国公益信托监督体系的构建。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the outbreak of Zhang Ziyi's "false donation" and "Guo Meimei incident" has led to the collapse of the appeal and credibility of the Red Cross and other foundations. The root of the problem is the foundation system. As another important way to develop public welfare, public trust is characterized by its ability to better protect the beneficiaries of the trust. And it has the advantages of convenient procedures and independent property. Therefore, in common law countries, public trust has been greatly utilized in the field of charity. Countries of civil law such as Japan and South Korea have also extensively introduced public trust. Its purpose is to make up for the defects of the financial corporation system in our country. Since 2001, the Trust Law has also been formally introduced in our country. However, due to some social and legal traditions and other factors, After the establishment of public trust, the trustee manages and disposes of the trust property according to the public welfare purpose of the trustor, so as to ensure the beneficiary to realize the right of benefit. It is the mainstay of the tripartite parties of the public trust, so the perfection of the trustee system of the public trust is very important for the development and wide application of the public trust system in the field of public welfare in our country. In view of this, this paper uses the methods of literature review, analysis and comparison, through comparing the public trust system and the financial corporation system, analyzes the advantages of the public trust. Then it demonstrates the urgency of establishing and perfecting the public trust system in our country at present, and then thinks about the defects of the public trust system in practice, and draws lessons from the practices of the developed countries in foreign trust industry, and puts forward some perfect suggestions. This paper is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The text is divided into four parts:. The first part is an overview of the public trust, covering the origin, legal characteristics and institutional value of the public trust, which is convenient for the following discussion; Then the reason why the public trustee can play an important role in the legal relationship is considered, and the necessity of improving the public trust trustee system is demonstrated. The second part begins with the elaboration of the current provisions of the two major legal systems on the qualification of trustees of public trust, at the same time, it analyzes the relevant provisions of Chinese law; then, by comparing the foundation system of the two major legal systems, This paper proposes to establish a dual system in which foundations and trust and investment companies act as trustees for the public good and bring their respective advantages into full play. The third part is to analyze the content of the special rights and obligations of the trustees of the public trust. Since the current provisions of our country's legal provisions on this aspect are not detailed and specific, it is suggested to learn from the Anglo-American countries and to concretize the rights and obligations in legislation. Make it more instructive and operable. Part 4th discusses the construction of public trust supervision system in China.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.282

【参考文献】