中国上市高新技术企业总部的时空分布及影响因素

发布时间：2018-03-23 07:58

本文选题：中国　切入点：上市高新技术企业　出处：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：进入21世纪以来,随着世界经济全球化的深入发展,各国竞争日趋激烈,高新技术水平成为衡量国家综合国力的重要标志。高新技术企业作为高新技术产业的载体,代表着未来企业的发展方向,已成为推动世界经济向前发展的强大动力。企业总部数量关系到一个城市、地区甚至国家的竞争力和影响力。由于高新技术企业总部的空间分布不仅与城市体系结构和拥有的创新资源有着紧密的联系,其集聚程度也关系到城市在金融体系和国家整体创新战略中的位置,甚至决定了城市在整个地区和国家中的综合地位。故本文在梳理相关研究的基础上,考察中国上市高新技术企业总部的时空分布规律,在计算地理集中指数、变异系数及基尼系数的基础上对中国上市高新技术企业总部的空间集中程度及地区差异变化进行探讨,通过分析重心变化进一步研究时空变化规律,最后用回归分析法对空间分布的影响因素进行实证研究。研究结果表明:(1)上市高新技术企业总部集中于北部、东部和南部3大沿海经济区,并以4大城市圈环渤海、山东、长江三角洲和珠江三角洲主导,在中国地域范围内呈集聚分布态势。(2)城市的行政等级和城市所拥有的上市高新技术企业总部数量密切相关。首先,在大型高新技术企业中,国有及国有控股性质的企业所占比重较高。其次,高行政等级的城市拥有更多的上市高新技术企业总部,直辖市及副省会城市以较少的城市数量占据了较大份额的企业总部及营业收入。最后,省会城市是一省经济创新发展的领头羊。(3)中国上市高新技术企业涉及19个领域,在前15个行业中北京、上海及深圳三个城市几乎囊括了所有行业的前三名。各个行业拥有的总部数量排在前3名的城市在全国所占比重很大。制造业占全部数量的62.9%,处于绝对主导地位。(4)不同板块的上市高新技术企业总部的空间分布存在着一定的差异。主板高新技术企业分布较为均衡,且主要以国有企业为主;中小板和创业板的高新技术企业更倾向于分布在经济较为发达和创新资源丰富的地区。(5)研究期内,中国上市高新技术企业总部分布的时空演化格局呈现如下规律:空间分布先由集中向均衡方向发展,之后这种趋势被打破,不均衡态势向增强方向发展,地区差异扩大。其次,上市高新技术企业总部的空间分布呈现东部主导的三核共振格局,在研究期内比较稳定,表现出一定程度的空间分布惰性和时间惯性。(6)城市经济发展水平、全球化程度、城市等级、金融服务业、信息服务业、科技创新服务、交通服务业对于城市上市高新技术企业总部的集聚都具有明显的正向促进作用。对其空间分布的集聚变化动因分析中,发现前期在国家政策推动下,形成了以东部为主,中西部全面发展的格局,但后期东部凭借自身优势及外界刺激不断强化,循环累积,而中西部发展后劲明显不足,差距呈现不断扩大的趋势。
[Abstract]:Since twenty-first Century, with the further development of world economic globalization, the increasingly fierce competition, high technology level has become an important symbol to measure the comprehensive national strength. High tech enterprises as the carrier of the high-tech industry, represent the future direction of development of enterprises, has become a strong impetus to the world economy. The relationship between the number of corporate headquarters to a a city, regional and national competitiveness and influence. Because of the space distribution of high-tech enterprise headquarters not only has a close relationship with city architecture and has the innovation resources, the degree of agglomeration is also related to the city in the whole financial system and the national innovation strategy in place, or even determine the status of the city in the region and comprehensive in countries. Therefore, based on the relevant research on the effects of space Chinese listed high-tech enterprise headquarters branch In the calculation of distribution, geographic concentration index, variance coefficient and Gini coefficient based on the China listed high-tech enterprises headquarters space concentration difference degree and area are discussed, through the analysis of the change of gravity further research on the temporal and spatial variation, finally makes an empirical study on the factors affecting the spatial distribution by regression analysis method. The results show that: (1) the listed high-tech enterprise headquarters in northern, Eastern and southern coastal economic zone 3, and the 4 largest city of Shandong, Bohai ring, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta are dominant, agglomeration distribution trend in China region. (2) the number of the city's administrative level and city owned the listed high-tech enterprise headquarters closely related. First of all, in large high-tech enterprises, enterprises of the state-owned and state holding properties of higher proportion. Secondly, the high administrative levels of the city. A listed high-tech enterprises more headquarters, municipalities and provincial capital city to a small number of Vice City occupy a large share of the corporate headquarters and operating income. Finally, the capital city is a leader in economic development and innovation of a province. (3) China listed high-tech enterprises in 19 areas, in the top 15 in the industry Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen three city almost all industries in the top three. The number of various industries have headquarters in the top 3 rows of large city in the country. The proportion of manufacturing industry accounted for the total amount of 62.9%, in a dominant position. (4) the distribution of the different sections of the listed high-tech enterprise headquarters the space there are some differences. The motherboard high-tech enterprise distribution is more balanced, and are mainly state-owned enterprises; high-tech enterprises in the small board and gem tend to distribution of innovation resources in the more developed economies and Rich areas. (5) during the study period, time and space distribution of high-tech enterprises based Chinese listed evolution pattern showed the following characteristics: the spatial distribution of the focus to the balanced development direction, this trend is broken, uneven situation to enhance the direction of development, regional differences expanded. Secondly, the distribution of listed high-tech enterprises headquarters space showing the East led the three nuclear resonance pattern is relatively stable in the study period, showing the inertia inertia and time distribution of a certain degree of space. (6) the city economic development level, the degree of globalization, city level, financial services, information services, technology innovation service, transportation service industry has an obvious positive effect on city agglomeration of high-tech listed enterprise headquarters are. Analysis of the motivation of agglomeration in the spatial distribution, found in the early stage of the promotion of national policies, formed mainly in the eastern, in The overall development pattern of the western region, but in the latter part of the eastern part, its strength and external stimuli were continuously strengthened, and the accumulated strength of the western region was significantly reduced. The development gap between the central and western regions is obviously insufficient, and the gap is expanding.

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F276.44;F832.51

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