英国养老保险体系市场化改革及其对中国的启示

发布时间：2018-06-01 04:50

本文选题：养老保险 + 市场化改革　；参考：《天津财经大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：养老保险制度作为社会保障体系中的重要组成部分,对一国的经济发展、社会稳定都起到至关重要的作用。在全球范围内的养老保险制度研究中,英国的养老保险制度被学术界广泛研究,其主要原因在于英国的养老保障制度起源早,制度体系相对完善,英国历次养老制度改革都对世界各国产生了深远的影响。自建国以来,我国的养老保险制度历经数次改革和发展,具有中国特色的养老保障体系已经基本形成；步入21世纪,随着经济的持续快速发展,医疗卫生水平不断提高,人民生活水平进一步改善,人口寿命稳步增加,老龄人口在全国人口中所占的比例逐年增长,我国已进入老龄化社会,而我国的养老保障制度却滞后于经济的发展,该体系中不完善的因素也开始凸显,这对社会的稳定、经济的可持续发展产生了不利的影响,在这一形势下,我国的养老保障制度改革已经到了一个非常关键的“攻坚”阶段。英国养老保险体系经过一个世纪以来的发展,逐步形成了“三支柱”的养老保障体系,这一体系将应由国家承担的基本养老责任和个人责任统筹兼顾,通过引入市场化因素,逐步减轻政府的财政负担。英国政府在改革其养老保险制度中所面临的困境和解决的办法对我国养老保险制度改革具有宝贵的借鉴意义。本文主要分为六个部分。第一部分主要说明本文的研究背景、研究现状、研究内容以及本文的创新点和研究方法。第二部分主要介绍了主流的社会保障思想和养老保险理论,为接下来分析英国历次养老制度改革提供理论依据。第三部分介绍了当前英国养老保险制度的三层级架构。第四部分具体论述了英国养老保险体系的发展历史。第五部分论述了英国历次所进行的市场化改革。最后一部分通过介绍当前我国养老保障体系中的弊端,根据英国养老保障制度改革的经验,提出了我国进行养老保障制度改革的方向和对策。
[Abstract]:As an important part of the social security system, the old-age insurance system plays a vital role in the economic development and social stability of a country. In the study of endowment insurance system in the whole world, the endowment insurance system in Britain has been extensively studied by academic circles. The main reason is that the pension security system in Britain originated early, and the system is relatively perfect. Successive pension system reforms in Britain have had a profound impact on countries all over the world. Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, the old-age insurance system of our country has undergone several reforms and development, and the old-age security system with Chinese characteristics has basically been formed. In the 21st century, with the sustained and rapid development of the economy, the level of medical and health care has been continuously improved. The standard of living of the people has further improved, the life expectancy of the population has steadily increased, the proportion of the aged population in the national population has increased year by year, and China has entered an aging society, while our old-age security system has lagged behind the development of the economy. The imperfect factors in the system also began to highlight, which had a negative impact on the social stability and the sustainable development of the economy. Under this situation, the reform of the old-age security system in our country has reached a very critical stage of "attacking the key points". After a century of development, the British old-age insurance system has gradually formed a "three-pillar" old-age security system. This system will take into account the basic old-age responsibility and individual responsibility of the state, and through the introduction of market-oriented factors, Gradually reduce the financial burden on the government. The difficulties faced by the British government in reforming its old-age insurance system and the solutions to it have valuable significance for reference to the reform of the old-age insurance system in China. This paper is divided into six parts. The first part mainly explains the research background, the present situation, the research content, the innovation and the research method of this paper. The second part mainly introduces the mainstream social security thought and the endowment insurance theory, which provides the theoretical basis for the next analysis of the previous pension system reform in Britain. The third part introduces the three-level structure of the current endowment insurance system in Britain. The fourth part discusses the history of the development of the endowment insurance system in Britain. The fifth part discusses the previous British market reforms. In the last part, the author introduces the disadvantages of the current old-age security system in our country, and puts forward the direction and countermeasures of the reform of the old-age security system in our country according to the experience of the reform of the old-age security system in the United Kingdom.
【学位授予单位】：天津财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F842.67;F845.61

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