基于互联网信息传输速度的中国城市节点结构研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 15:34

本文选题：城市节点结构 + 信息传输速度　；参考：《河北师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：信息网络中城市节点的空间结构与传统意义上的城市体系有着诸多区别，呈现出一系列新的特征和规律。尽管理论上通信光缆中信息传输速度接近于光速，但网络信息空间中城市节点之间的交流离“无摩擦”阶段还有较大差距，我们依然不能忽略城市节点间信息传输速度的差异性。研究中我们发现城市节点之间的信息传输速度决定其信息交流的通达度进而决定城市节点的空间结构体系，它已成为信息时代城市节点最重要的竞争性区位要素之一。本文基于互联网信息传输速度这一动态研究新视角，基于集散场理论，从点、线、面三个层次，通过因子分析和空间分析，尝试构筑起互联网信息传输速度作用下的我国城市节点间相互联系的空间结构体系。首先，使用EXECL软件，对测速网站上信息传输速度原始数据进行汇总，编制出我国31个省会城市节点间信息传输速度的31×31数据矩阵。其次，基于集散场理论，运用SPSS软件进行因子分析，计算出R型和Q型因子分析中变量的特征值和累计贡献率、因子得分以及各省会城市节点的综合得分，揭示信息网络中城市节点集散场的优势区位节点和弱势区位节点总体分布特征。再次，使用地理信息系统软件ARCGIS和矩阵分析软件MATLAB进行信息网络中城市节点结构的空间分析，从实证层面对城市节点间信息传输的数据资料进行定量分析，最终总结出互联网信息传输速度作用下的城市节点的空间结构类型及其总体特征。研究发现：（1）信息网络中城市节点间空间联系以大尺度为主，外向扩散性特征明显，，影响范围进一步扩大，整体发展不均衡。根据在集散场中的作用大小，可将城市节点分为集散双优型、集聚偏向型和扩散偏向型和集散双劣型四大类。（2）互联网信息传输速度与传统城市等级之间摆脱了正比例关系。传统城市等级靠前的东部城市信息传输速度较低，而中西部城市节点信息传输速度较快，并与其他节点之间能够实现快速相互访问。（3）集散场中各等级城市节点间空间联系的结构特征显著。一级城市节点多表现为单核和双核的空间分布集散模式，同时存在两个节点之间单向吸引（或扩散）构成的“单向空间吸引力（或扩散力）对”；二级城市节点整体上表现为多核心东部指向性或者双向空间集中性的空间分布结构模式；三级城市节点之间相互吸引（或扩散）通常会形成双向吸引（或扩散）的空间分布结构模式；四级城市节点大都作为集散中心而存在，表现为双向吸引（或扩散）的网络化空间分布结构特征。（4）信息网络体系中东部城市节点之间多形成密集的信息双向对流区，而西部城市节点之间则多单向信息流动区，城市节点空间分布不均衡、网络关联度不高，网络结构发育有待进一步完善。（5）西部城市信息传输速度“收入”大大超过“支出”，三维空间中表现为由峰值连成的山岭状隆起带，东部城市总体表现平缓，从侧面反映出中东部城市节点信息化水平相对稳定，而西部城市节点则波动明显。
[Abstract]:The information network of spatial structure of city nodes and the traditional sense of the city there are many differences, showing a series of new characteristics and laws. Although the theory on information transmission speed of the communication cable close to the speed of light, but the city network information space node communication from "there is a large gap between the friction stage, we still can not ignore the differences in speed of information transmission between nodes of the city. In the study we found that the speed of information transmission between nodes of the city determines the exchange of information accessibility and decision space structure of city node, it has become one of the most important node of the information age city competitive location factors.
In this paper, a new perspective of research on dynamic Internet information transmission speed based on set theory based on the field, from the point, line, surface three levels, through factors analysis and spatial analysis, try to build our city node Internet information transmission speed under the action of the relationship between the spatial structure of the system.
First, we use EXECL software to summarize the information transmission speed and original data on speed measuring website, and compile 31 x 31 data matrix of information transmission speed between nodes in 31 provincial capital cities.
Secondly, in field based on the theory of factor analysis using SPSS software, calculate the analysis of R type and Q type factor characteristic values of variables and the cumulative contribution rate, factor score and comprehensive score of each node of the capital city, revealing the city information in the network node set over the advantages of regional nodes and weak node location distribution.
Again, the use of MATLAB geographic information system software ARCGIS and matrix analysis software was used to analyze the information of nodes in the network structure of city space, quantitative analysis of information transmission between nodes in city from the empirical data layer, finally summed up the Internet information transmission speed for spatial structure of city node and the overall features of use.
The study found that:
(1) the information network in city space between nodes to large scale, outward diffusion characteristics significantly influence, further expand the scope of the overall development is not balanced. In the field of the role set according to the size of the city nodes are divided into distributed Shuangyou type, agglomeration and diffusion of biased biased and distributed double inferior type four categories.
(2) the relationship between the Internet information transmission speed and get rid of the traditional city level. The traditional city level on the eastern city of the information transmission speed is low, while the Midwest city node information transmission speed, and other nodes can achieve mutual access.
(3) in each grade city spatial structure relationship between nodes in the field significantly. A multi node distribution city distribution model for mononuclear and dinuclear space, at the same time between the two nodes (or diffusion) attract one-way one-way space attractive composition "(or diffusion) of two city"; the overall performance of the multi core nodes in Eastern directional or two-way spatial concentration spatial distribution pattern; attraction between three city nodes (or diffusion) usually form bidirectional suction (or diffusion) distribution pattern of space; and there is four city node as the center, to attract (or two-way the diffusion distribution network structure) feature space.
(4) the information network system often forms dense information bidirectional convection area between the nodes in the Middle East cities. There are many one-way information flows among the nodes in western cities. The spatial distribution of urban nodes is not balanced, and the network correlation degree is not high. The development of network structure needs further improvement.
(5) in the western city of information transmission speed greatly exceeds the "income", "expenditure" in the three-dimensional space from the mountains into the peak shaped uplift belt, the eastern city of the overall performance of flat, reflected from the side of the Middle East Department of city node information level is relatively stable, while the western city nodes fluctuate significantly.

【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F49;TP393.09

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