印度服务业发展对降低贫困的作用研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 01:34

本文选题：印度　切入点：服务业　出处：《湘潭大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：贫困是一个困扰世界各国发展的全球性问题，虽然人类在进入21世纪后，世界经济迅速发展，但是无论是在生产力高度发达的资本主义国家，还是在生产力比较落后的发展中国家，都存在着不同程度的贫困。贫困问题仍然是当今世界各国面临的严峻挑战，也是限制人类社会发展的障碍。印度是世界人口大国，也是贫困人口最多的国家之一，，如何消除贫困，减少贫困人口的数量，不仅有利于印度经济的快速发展，对世界范围的减贫事业也意义重大。20世纪90年代以来，印度突出发展的服务业为其经济快速发展做出了巨大贡献，同时，印度的贫困率也在迅速下降，服务业已经成为推动印度经济发展的主要动力。印度的发展模式不同于世界上任何一个国家，它从一个农业大国跨越工业化阶段，直接步入了服务经济时代，成为了世界主要服务中心之一。印度的经验告示世人：工业化并不是经济快速发展的唯一途径，通过服务业的发展促进经济增长和降低贫困是可能的，服务业能成为减贫的推动力。综观当前学术界的研究成果，研究印度服务业与降低贫困之间关系的文献较少，因此，本文试图从这个角度出发，研究服务业降低贫困的机制。本文第一部分就国内外关于服务业的发展与降低贫困之间的关系的文献进行了综述，总结发现服务业主要通过促进经济增长、创造就业以及基本公共服务的提供这三个途径降低贫困。第二部分阐释了服务业相关理论以及贫困相关理论，主要有服务业与经济增长的理论、服务业与就业的理论以及反贫困理论。第三部分从理论上具体分析了服务业降低贫困的机制。第四部分通过建立一个计量模型，对不同产业降低贫困的作用进行了实证分析，分析结果显示：在印度的三大产业中，只有服务业的发展对降低贫困具有积极的作用。第五部分针对印度服务业在减贫过程中出现的问题提出了建设性的意见。本文的创新之处有三个方面：第一，选题角度的创新；第二，归纳提出服务业发展降低贫困的机制；第三，提出印度服务业减贫过程中的问题及建议。
[Abstract]:Poverty is a global problem that puzzles the development of all countries in the world. Although the world economy has developed rapidly since 21th century, but whether it is in the highly developed productive forces of capitalist countries, Poverty is still a serious challenge facing all countries in the world today, and it is also an obstacle to the development of human society. India is a populous country in the world. It is also one of the countries with the largest number of poor people. How to eliminate poverty and reduce the number of poor people is not only conducive to the rapid economic development of India, but also significant to the cause of poverty reduction worldwide since 90s. India's prominent services sector has made a huge contribution to its rapid economic growth, and its poverty rate is declining rapidly. The service industry has become the main driving force for India's economic development. India's development model is different from that of any other country in the world. It has crossed the stage of industrialization from a large agricultural country and entered the era of service economy directly. Has become one of the world's leading service centres. The experience of India has shown that industrialization is not the only way for rapid economic development, and that it is possible to promote economic growth and reduce poverty through the development of services. Services can be a driving force for poverty reduction. Looking at the current academic research results, there is less literature on the relationship between service industry and poverty reduction in India. Therefore, this paper attempts to proceed from this perspective. The first part of this paper summarizes the domestic and foreign literature on the relationship between the development of the service industry and poverty reduction, and finds that the service industry mainly promotes economic growth. Employment creation and the provision of basic public services are three ways to reduce poverty. The second part explains the theories related to services and poverty, mainly services and economic growth. The theory of service industry and employment and the theory of anti-poverty. The third part concretely analyzes the mechanism of poverty reduction in service industry in theory. Part 4th makes an empirical analysis on the effect of poverty reduction in different industries by establishing a econometric model. The results show that only the development of service industry plays a positive role in reducing poverty among the three major industries in India. Part 5th puts forward some constructive suggestions on the problems in the process of poverty reduction in India's service industry. The innovation of this paper has three aspects: first, the innovation of the selected topic; secondly, the mechanism of poverty reduction in the development of the service industry; third, the problems and suggestions in the process of poverty reduction in the service industry of India.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F719;F135.1

【参考文献】