我国城乡居民收入差距演变及成因研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 03:33

本文选题：城乡居民　切入点：收入差距　出处：《北方工业大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：城乡居民收入差距一直是社会关注的焦点问题。它关系着人民的切身利益,同时也映射着收入分配的结构和状态,是经济发展过程中必然出现的问题。但是若根据它的自我调节能力,按照目前城乡居民收入现状来看,城镇居民收入明显高于农村居民收入水平,久而久之,居民收入差距会不断扩大,甚至到不可遏制的状态。如果能测度我国城乡居民收入差距及行程过程、影响我国城乡收入差距扩大的各种因素,就可以更合理而准确地为政府制定一系列相关政策提供科学的依据,能更好地促进城乡关系的健康发展。非参数估计的特点是不需要进行任何参数模型假设,直接利用所需样本来估计概率密度函数,且回归函数的形式可以任意,没有任何约束,解释变量和被解释变量的分布也很少限制,因而有较大的适应性,其目的在于放松回归函数形式的限制。其中核密度估计方法是近几年普遍运用的方法,它能够在总体分布未知的情况下,估计居民收入分布。本文在多年全国居民收入微观调查数据基础上,通过运用传统测度与非参数统计核密度估计结合的方法定量测算我国城乡居民收入差距现状及演变历程。然后分析我国1978年-2010年三十年来的历史数据,综合运用协整检验、格兰杰因果检验、多元线性回归统计方法,定量揭示我国城乡收入差距状况与各影响因素之间的关系。依据定量测算结果,提出优化城乡居民收入差距的相应的对策和建议。本文研究得出结论：在确保工农业协调发展情况下加快经济增长,适当提高农村务工人员工资,加大农村投资力度,并推进新型城镇化建设,逐步完善农村保障体系。因此从我国目前的情况来看,未来的政策重点是要努力营造公平的竞争环境、分配环境和扶贫助困环境等,这才是缓解和缩小城乡收入差距的首要前提。
[Abstract]:The income gap between urban and rural residents has always been the focus of social concern. It relates to the vital interests of the people and also reflects the structure and state of income distribution. It is an inevitable problem in the process of economic development. But if, according to its ability to self-regulate, according to the current income situation of urban and rural residents, the income of urban residents is obviously higher than the income level of rural residents, over time, The income gap of residents will continue to expand, even to an unstoppable state. If we can measure the income gap between urban and rural residents and the travel process of our country, and influence various factors on the widening of the income gap between urban and rural areas in our country, It can provide a scientific basis for the government to formulate a series of related policies and promote the healthy development of the urban-rural relationship. The characteristic of nonparametric estimation is that the probability density function can be estimated directly by using the required samples without any parameter model hypothesis, and the form of regression function can be arbitrary without any constraints. The distribution of explanatory variables and interpreted variables is also very limited, so it has great adaptability, and its purpose is to relax the restrictions of regression function forms. The kernel density estimation method is a widely used method in recent years. It can estimate the distribution of residents' income when the total distribution is unknown. Based on the microcosmic survey data of national residents' income for many years, The present situation and evolution course of income gap between urban and rural residents in China are estimated quantitatively by combining traditional measurement with non-parametric statistical kernel density estimation. Then, the historical data of 30 years from 1978 to 2010 in China are analyzed, and cointegration test is used synthetically. Granger causality test and multivariate linear regression statistical method are used to quantitatively reveal the relationship between the income gap between urban and rural areas in China and the influencing factors. Based on the results of quantitative measurement, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for optimizing the income gap between urban and rural residents are put forward. In this paper, the author draws a conclusion: accelerate the economic growth under the condition of ensuring the coordinated development of industry and agriculture, appropriately raise the wages of rural migrant workers, increase the intensity of rural investment, and promote the construction of new type of urbanization. Gradually improve the rural security system. Therefore, judging from the current situation in our country, the key policy in the future is to strive to create a level playing field, to distribute the environment and to help the poor, and so on. This is the first prerequisite for alleviating and narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas.
【学位授予单位】：北方工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F224;F124.7

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