德国低碳转型的进展和经验

发布时间：2018-10-05 15:36

【摘要】：德国近20年来出现了经济持续增长而温室气体排放稳定下降的脱钩趋势,其中东德地区经济衰退因素对德国整体减排有重要贡献,但德国的低碳转型确实取得了积极进展。尽管东、西德地区的脱钩表现和原因有所不同,但基本都符合环境库兹尼茨曲线规律。德国实现这一脱钩的主要经验是通过市场化改革等措施促进了经济转型和效率提高,长期渐进地调整能源结构降低了单位能耗的碳排放,尝试采用多种手段传递价格信号以引导低碳转型,普及绿色环保理念,使低碳政策获得广泛的民意和政党支持。这启示我国的低碳转型应当推动市场化改革,提高经济整体的效率,建立经济、安全、环保的能源体系,普及低碳意识,同时注重发挥税收手段在引导低碳转型中的作用。
[Abstract]:In recent 20 years, Germany has seen a decoupling trend of sustained economic growth and steady decline of greenhouse gas emissions, in which the factors of economic recession in East Germany have made an important contribution to the overall reduction of emissions in Germany, but positive progress has been made in Germany's low-carbon transition. Although the performance and reasons of decoupling in East and West Germany are different, they all accord with the law of environmental Kuznitz curve. The main experience of Germany in achieving this decoupling is that measures such as market-oriented reforms have promoted economic transformation and improved efficiency, and long-term and gradual energy restructuring has reduced carbon emissions per unit of energy consumption. This paper attempts to use a variety of means to convey price signals to guide the low-carbon transition, popularize the concept of green environmental protection, and make the low-carbon policy widely supported by public opinion and political parties. This reveals that China's low-carbon transformation should promote market-oriented reform, improve the overall efficiency of the economy, establish an energy system of economy, security and environmental protection, popularize low-carbon consciousness, and pay attention to the role of tax means in guiding the low-carbon transformation.
【作者单位】：国家发展和改革委员会能源研究所;
【基金】：国家发展和改革委员会宏观经济研究院基本科研业务费项目支持
【分类号】：F151.6

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