中国污染密集型产业的技术创新能力
[Abstract]:In view of the severe environmental situation in our country, our government emphasizes strengthening the technological transformation of enterprises, realizing energy saving and emission reduction, upgrading the industry and strengthening the emission reduction of pollutants in key industries. The main body of energy saving and emission reduction is enterprises, so it is of great significance to study the technological innovation ability of enterprises in pollution-intensive industries. Based on the microenterprise data, through the input index, output index, efficiency index and Maluquist productivity and decomposition index of Maluquist based on DEA, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the technological innovation ability of different types of enterprises in pollution-intensive industries, and explores the contribution of different ownership enterprises to the sustainable growth of pollution-intensive industries. It is found that: (1) the total investment in R & D of private enterprises in pollution-intensive industries is the largest, the output value of new products is the largest, and the efficiency of technological innovation is high, so they contribute the most to the technological innovation of pollution-intensive industries; State-owned enterprises have less R & D investment and smaller output value of new products in competitive pollution-intensive industries, but their R & D investment in monopolistic pollution-intensive industries is the most, and the output value of new products is very large. although the efficiency is general, the overall contribution is greater. The R & D investment and new product output value of foreign enterprises and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan enterprises are between private enterprises and state-owned enterprises, and the scale is not very large, but their R & D efficiency is much higher than that of domestic enterprises, so their contribution can not be ignored. The R & D investment and the output value of new products of collective enterprises are much lower than those of other types of enterprises, and the R & D efficiency is relatively low, which is only higher than that of state-owned enterprises. (2) the relative progress of technological efficiency of collective enterprises and state-owned enterprises in most pollution-intensive industries reflects the technological catch-up effect of state-owned enterprises and collective enterprises; The technological efficiency of foreign-funded enterprises in most pollution-intensive industries is relatively unchanged and continues to maintain their comparative dominant position, while the technological efficiency of private enterprises in five industries is relatively unchanged, while the technological efficiency of private enterprises is relatively unchanged in five industries. The technical efficiency of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan enterprises in all pollution-intensive industries is relatively declining, which reflects that the technological advantages of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan enterprises are gradually losing. 3 in all pollution-intensive industries, the technological innovation ability of all types of enterprises is not strong, there is a relative technological decline, and it has failed to catch up with the speed of technological progress in developed countries. Based on this, we think that the government should constantly improve the environmental protection laws and regulations, strengthen the supervision of enterprise pollution, increase the government investment in scientific research in pollution-intensive industries, and actively encourage all types of enterprises to carry out environmental protection technology innovation.
【作者单位】: 西南财经大学国际商学院
【基金】:国家社会科学基金青年项目“构建现代化产业发展新体系研究”(编号:13CJL056) 四川省哲学社会科学青年项目“四川技术创新能力的评价与对比研究”(编号:SC13C006)
【分类号】:F124.3;F205
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