归纳推理的说明论辩护之辩

发布时间：2018-02-01 10:32

  本文关键词： 归纳推理 利普顿 最佳说明的推理　出处：《自然辩证法研究》2017年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：最佳说明的推理旨在解决归纳推理的描述性问题和确证性问题,可概括为归纳推理的说明论辩护。说明论基于"说明优先于推理"和"认识上的双重过滤"两个前提,在解决描述性问题和确证性问题方面兼具启发性。然而,批评者从前提、语义和语用等方面对说明论辩护提出了挑战。面对指责,需要明确"说明优先于推理"的含义,表明对说明论的评价不应限于语义约定,说明论的确证功能不应仅限于事实层面,以及反例不会使说明论的辩护毫无价值。
[Abstract]:The purpose of best description reasoning is to solve the descriptive and confirmatory problems of inductive reasoning. The explanation theory can be summed up as inductive reasoning, which is based on the premise of "explanation takes precedence over reasoning" and "dual filtering of cognition", which is both enlightening in solving descriptive and corroborative problems. Critics challenge the defense of declarative theory from the aspects of premise, semantics and pragmatics. In the face of criticism, it is necessary to clarify the meaning of "explanation takes precedence over reasoning", which indicates that the evaluation of declarative theory should not be limited to semantic agreement. The corroboration function of declarative theory should not be limited to factual level and counterexample does not render the justification of illustrative theory worthless.
【作者单位】： 四川大学法学院;
【基金】：四川大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目“犯罪主观要素认定原理研究”(skzx2016-sb19)
【分类号】：B812.23
【正文快照】： 一、归纳推理的说明论辩护理路我们对归纳推理的怀疑源于它的那个隐含前提:“未来会继续与过去一致”。其一,“未来会继续与过去一致”不能得到演绎上的证成。证成“未来会继续与过去一致”这个前提必须借助“自然齐一性”,而“自然齐一性”存在两个逻辑跳跃:“一是从实际观察，

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