因果关系研究的条件论

发布时间：2018-03-05 07:37

本文选题：因果关系　切入点：条件论　出处：《华中科技大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“拒斥形而上学”是20世纪前半个世纪的分析哲学的主要特征之一，这种拒斥一直持续到斯特劳森《个体——论描述的形而上学》一书出版。这本书改变了分析哲学家对待形而上学的态度，也改变了分析哲学家们对因果关系问题的态度。从20世纪60年代开始，分析哲学家对因果关系问题的讨论如雨后春笋般，悄然萌发并逐渐走向繁荣。所以，20世纪后半世纪是分析哲学研究因果关系的繁荣时期，而本文所讨论的因果关系理论正是属于20世纪后半世纪的。本文的主要观点是，分析哲学视野下的因果关系研究都属于条件论的研究。条件论是本文所主张的一种研究方法，，它的主要特征是使用“关系还原”的方法研究因果关系。所以本文的第一章详细地阐述了“条件论”的含义极其特征。根据第一章的介绍，“条件论”这一概念来自休谟因果理论和逻辑学，是我们用逻辑学对休谟哲学中因果关系理论的总结和抽象。所以本文的第二、第三章分别讨论了与条件论的来源有关的两个问题：休谟因果理论、条件论与逻辑学的关系。如果把第一到三章看作是阐述了作为方法论的条件论的话，那么第四到五章就可以被看作是讨论了运用这种方法论的理论。其中，第四章讨论了INUS理论，主要介绍了INUS理论的内容和问题；第五章讨论了反事实条件句理论，主要介绍了这个理论的内容和问题，并分析了它与条件论的关系。
[Abstract]:Rejection of metaphysics was one of the main features of analytical philosophy in the first half century of 20th century. This rejection continued until the publication of Strausen's book, Metaphysics as described by the individual, which changed the attitude of analytic philosophers towards metaphysics. It has also changed the attitude of analytic philosophers to the question of causation. Since 1960s, the discussion of causation has sprung up in analytic philosophers. Therefore, the latter half of the 20th century is a prosperous period for the study of causality in analytical philosophy, and the theory of causality discussed in this paper belongs to the latter half of 20th century. The main point of this paper is that the study of causality in the perspective of analytical philosophy belongs to the study of conditionalism, which is a research method advocated in this paper. Its main characteristic is to use the method of "relational reduction" to study causality. Therefore, the first chapter of this paper elaborates the meaning and characteristics of "conditionalism" in detail. According to the introduction of Chapter 1, the concept of "conditional theory" is introduced. Since Hume's causality theory and logic, It is the summary and abstraction of the causality theory in Hume's philosophy by logic. Therefore, the second and third chapters of this paper discuss two problems related to the origin of conditionalism: Hume causality theory, conditional theory and logic respectively. If chapters I to III are considered to be conditional theories as methodologies, then chapters 4th to five can be considered as theories that apply this methodology. Among them, chapter 4th deals with the theory of INUS. This paper mainly introduces the content and problems of INUS's theory, and discusses the theory of counterfactual conditional sentence in 5th, mainly introduces the content and problems of this theory, and analyzes its relation with conditionalism.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：B812

【共引文献】