否定判断的功用辩护
发布时间：2019-03-27 10:24
【摘要】：正 否定判断是否定对象具有某种性质的判断,是直言判断按质划分的一种。作为一种独特的思维形式,它有着重要的逻辑功能和认识价值。然而在逻辑史和哲学史上某些学者却对之大加贬责,认为它是某种偶然的、副次的东西。康德就曾把否定判断解释为完全没有内容的命题。对此波波夫曾正确地指出,康德和康德主义对否定判断所作的解释,其错误是显然可见的。因为这使否定判断失去了独立意义和认识价值。柏格森则认为科学本来没有否定判断。这种说法极其荒谬。无论在自然科学或社会科学领域,我们都可以找出众多具有重大意义的否定判断的例证。如物理学中著名的“热力学第二定理”的克劳修斯表述就使用了否定判断:热不能自行从较冷的物体传到较热的物体。有名的“迈克尔逊——莫雷实验”的结论也用到了否定判断:光速不取决于光源的运动。列宁关于社会主义理论的著名原理:社会主义不是在一切国家中能同时获胜的。这也是一否定判断。诸如此类的例子数不胜数,不胜
[Abstract]:Positive negative judgment is a kind of judgment with certain nature of negative object, and it is a kind of direct judgment divided according to quality. As a unique form of thinking, it has important logical function and cognitive value. However, in the history of logic and philosophy, some scholars denigrated it as some kind of accidental and secondary thing. Kant once interpreted the negative judgment as a proposition with no content at all. Popov correctly pointed out that the errors in Kant and Kant's interpretation of negative judgment were clearly visible. Because this makes the negative judgment lose the independent meaning and the cognition value. Bergson, on the other hand, argues that science does not negate judgment. This statement is extremely absurd. No matter in the field of natural science or social science, we can find many important examples of negative judgment. For example, the famous "second theorem of thermodynamics" in physics uses the negative judgment that heat cannot travel from colder to hotter objects on its own. The famous Michelson-Morey experiment also uses a negative judgment: the speed of light does not depend on the movement of the light source. Lenin's famous theory of socialism: socialism does not win at the same time in all countries. This is also a negative judgment. There are countless examples of this kind
【作者单位】： 西南师范大学哲学研究所
【分类号】：B812
[Abstract]:Positive negative judgment is a kind of judgment with certain nature of negative object, and it is a kind of direct judgment divided according to quality. As a unique form of thinking, it has important logical function and cognitive value. However, in the history of logic and philosophy, some scholars denigrated it as some kind of accidental and secondary thing. Kant once interpreted the negative judgment as a proposition with no content at all. Popov correctly pointed out that the errors in Kant and Kant's interpretation of negative judgment were clearly visible. Because this makes the negative judgment lose the independent meaning and the cognition value. Bergson, on the other hand, argues that science does not negate judgment. This statement is extremely absurd. No matter in the field of natural science or social science, we can find many important examples of negative judgment. For example, the famous "second theorem of thermodynamics" in physics uses the negative judgment that heat cannot travel from colder to hotter objects on its own. The famous Michelson-Morey experiment also uses a negative judgment: the speed of light does not depend on the movement of the light source. Lenin's famous theory of socialism: socialism does not win at the same time in all countries. This is also a negative judgment. There are countless examples of this kind
【作者单位】： 西南师范大学哲学研究所
【分类号】：B812
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