建构与重构：网络参与背景下的政府回应模式研究

发布时间：2018-01-25 20:03

本文关键词： 网络参与政府回应模式　出处：《复旦大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着网络技术的快速发展,使网络参与成为可能。网络参与作为非制度化政治参与的一个重要方式,正在中国发展壮大,影响中国的政治生态和民主环境。本文首先分析了网络参与在中国的发展历程,作为传统政治参与的重要补充,网络参与经历了单向参与阶段,网络沟通阶段和网络互动阶段共三个阶段,以其表达主体的隐匿性和平等化、表达方式的交互性和便捷化、表达时机的时效性和直接化,成为目前中国公众的政治参与方式之一。2012年6月底,中国网民数量已经突破5亿大关,越来越多的人懂得如何上网,如何在网上发表观点,影响政府决策。然而由于传统政府回应模式的滞后性、被动型、卸责性和粗暴型,已经不能适应网络参与带来的民意剧增效应。同时由于网络灰色产业链的形成,导致网络水军充斥着整个网络,职业删帖人和跟帖人的存在使网络处于无序状态。在网络参与的视角下,政府必须改变既有的传统回应模式,重构一条适合网络参与环境下的政府回应模式。为此,本文分析了网络条件下政府与公民的互动类型,可以分为私利性被动互动类型、公共性被动互动类型、触发式主动互动类型和预防式主动互动类型共四种。接着阐述了在不同互动类型下政府与公民是如何相互进行博弈,并在此过程中如何转换博弈策略,从而达到力量的均衡对抗。在此基础上,本文总结了政府回应网络参与的三种主要模式：被动回应模式、及时回应模式和灰色回应模式,其中及时回应模式又细分为触发式及时回应模式和预防式及时回应模式。一般面对网络事件,政府的固有回应模式是需要经历被动回应到触发式及时回应的过程,期间由于网民和政府的持续博弈,容易造成政府形象的损害；另外网络水军的存在也助长着网络暴力和破坏网络正常传播秩序。所以本文建议政府回应公共性网络事件的方式可以直接采取触发式及时回应模式,从而最大程度上重新塑造政府公信力。当然政府更多时候也应该采取预防式及时回应模式,建立信息公开制度,定时定期发布相关政策信息,维护网络传播的正常秩序。综上所述,本文建议必须重构网络参与视角下的政府及时回应模式,通过重塑政府回应理念、完善政府回应的法制建设、优化政府回应网络参与的组织结构和强化政府回应网络参与的制度建设,主动出击,建构政府回应网络民意的全方位立体式模式,为政府与网民搭建起和谐的沟通桥梁,提升政府的回应能力和回应效果,实现与公众的共同治理。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of network technology, network participation is becoming possible. As an important way of non-institutionalized political participation, network participation is developing and expanding in China. This paper first analyzes the development process of network participation in China. As an important supplement of traditional political participation, network participation has experienced one-way participation. There are three stages of network communication and network interaction, which are the occult and equality of the expression subject, the interaction and convenience of the expression mode, the timeliness and directness of the expression opportunity. At the end of June 2012, the number of Internet users in China has broken through the 500 million mark, more and more people know how to surf the Internet and how to express their views on the Internet. However, because of the lag, passivity, shirking and rudeness of the traditional government response mode. At the same time, because of the formation of network grey industry chain, the network water army is flooded with the whole network. The existence of professional censors and posters makes the network in disorder. From the perspective of network participation, the government must change the existing traditional response mode and reconstruct a government response model suitable for the network participation environment. Therefore, this paper analyzes the types of interaction between the government and citizens under the network conditions, which can be divided into private passive interaction type, public passive interaction type. There are four types of triggered active interaction and preventive active interaction. Then it explains how the government and citizens play games with each other under different types of interaction and how to change the game strategy in the process. On this basis, this paper summarizes the three main modes of government response network participation: passive response model, timely response model and grey response model. Among them, the timely response mode is subdivided into trigger timely response mode and preventive timely response mode. Generally, in the face of network events, the government's inherent response mode is to experience the process of passive response to trigger timely response. During the process, it is easy to damage the image of the government because of the continuous game between netizens and the government. In addition, the existence of network navy also contributes to the network violence and the destruction of network normal communication order. Therefore, this paper suggests that the government can directly respond to public network events by triggering timely response mode. Of course, the government should also take preventive timely response mode, establish information disclosure system, and regularly release relevant policy information. Maintain the normal order of network communication. To sum up, this paper suggests that the government response model under the perspective of network participation should be reconstructed, and the legal system construction of government response should be improved by reinventing the concept of government response. Optimize the organizational structure of government response to network participation and strengthen the system construction of government response to network participation, take the initiative to attack, and construct a comprehensive three-dimensional model of government response to network public opinion. To build a harmonious communication bridge between the government and Internet users, to enhance the government's response ability and response effect, and to achieve common governance with the public.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D63

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