论我国民主立法机制的建设及完善

发布时间：2018-02-26 19:00

本文关键词： 民主立法机制制度完善　出处：《辽宁师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：2011年3月，吴邦国委员长在十一届全国人大四次会议第二次全体大会上宣布，我国已经建成了具有中国特色的社会主义法律体系。随着我国法制进程的不断发展，迫切需要将民主立法活动的途径和程序制度化、程序化、科学化。作为立法者，要在立法活动中坚守民主原则，不断畅通公民参与立法的渠道。本文分析了民主立法的内涵，回顾了我国在民主立法道路上的探索历程，对比国外民主立法实践，对我国民主立法机制的建设及完善提出了些许建议。本文共包括四个部分，首先阐释了民主立法机制的基本概念。该部分首先从直接民主、间接民主、参与民主与协商民主等不同角度，剖析了民主的含义；接着又立足法理学视角，对立法的释义进行了深入阐释，最后在简单介绍社会的激励机制、制约机制与功能机制的基础上，通过自己的理解，给出了民主立法机制的定义。其次，深入剖析了民主立法机制的理论基础。该部分重点介绍了民主立法机制的三个理论渊源：一是人民主权学说，阐释了立法权的来源或归属。二是政治参与理论，明晰了民主立法的实现途径。三是协商民主理论，提供了实现民主的另一种思维模式。通过对这三个方面的理论研究，以期对接下来的民主立法机制的构建论述奠定理论基础。再次，介绍了我国民主立法机制的建设进程，并提出了现存的问题。该部分首先以历史视角回顾了我国自建国以来民主立法的进程，分析了每一阶段我国民主立法的特点，总结了我国民主立法工作的突出成就，在此基础上提出我国民主立法在立法主体、立法准备、立法公开与立法听证等方面存在的主要问题。最后，，针对第三部分存在的问题，提出了完善我国民主立法机制的具体设想。该部分按照我国立法程序所要经历的一般环节，在前三章论述的基础上，提出了建设民主立法所要形成的四种机制。这四种机制分别是立法参与的引导机制、立法提案的供求机制、立法通过的听证机制与立法效果的评估机制。从积极培育“参与型”公民入手，引导公民更好的提出立法草案，同时完善草案的征集与论证制度，加强立法项目、草案起草、立法文件与资料及审议的全程公开，设立立法听证制度与效果评估制度，将立法权“关进制度的笼子里，回归民众的掌心中”。
[Abstract]:On March 2011, chairman Wu Bangguo announced at the second plenary session of the four meeting of the eleven National People's Congress, China has built up the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics. With the development process of China's legal system, an urgent need to approach and procedure system, democratic legislative activities program, scientific. As a legislator to adhere to the principles of democracy, in legislative activities, and constantly open the citizen participation in the legislative channels. This paper analyzes the connotation of democratic legislation, this paper reviews the exploration history of China in the democratic legislation on the road to democracy, compared to the foreign legislative practice, the construction of the mechanism of democratic legislation in China and put forward some suggestions to perfect.
This paper consists of four parts, the basic concept firstly explains the mechanism of democratic legislation. This part starts from direct democracy, indirect democracy, participatory democracy and deliberative democracy from different angles, analyzes the meaning of democracy; then based on the perspective of jurisprudence, the legislative interpretation in depth interpretation, finally introduces the incentive mechanism the society, restricting mechanism and function mechanism, through their own understanding of the definition of democratic legislation mechanism is given. Secondly, analysis the theoretical basis of democratic legislation mechanism. The three part focuses on the theoretical origin of the democratic legislative mechanism: one is the people's sovereignty theory, explains the source of legislative power or the home. The two is the theory of political participation, clear way to achieve democratic legislation. The three is the theory of deliberative democracy, provides another thinking mode of democracy. Based on these three aspects Study on the theory, mechanism of democratic legislation in order to build the next paper laid a theoretical basis. Thirdly, introduces the mechanism of democratic legislation of our country construction process, and puts forward the existing problems. The first part reviews the historical perspective to process since the founding of our country democratic legislation, analysis of China's democratic legislation the characteristics of each stage, summarizes the outstanding achievements of democratic legislation in China, on the basis of our democratic legislation in the legislative body, legislative preparations, main problems of legislation of public and legislative hearing etc.. Finally, aiming at the problems of the third part, puts forward some suggestions of perfecting the mechanism of democratic legislation in our country. The part of the general link to experience according to China's legislative process, on the basis of previous three chapters, puts forward four kinds of mechanisms to form the construction of democratic legislation. The four mechanisms respectively is the legislative Guide the participation mechanism, supply and demand mechanism of legislation, legislative hearing mechanism and effect evaluation mechanism through legislation. From actively cultivate the "participation" of citizens, to guide citizens to put forward the draft legislation, at the same time improve the draft solicitation and evaluation system, strengthening the legislation, the drafting of the draft legislation throughout the public documents and data and consider the establishment of evaluation system of legislative hearing system and effect, the legislative power "caging system, the return to the people in the palm".

【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D920.0

【参考文献】