清末民主共和思潮研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 10:27

本文选题：民主　切入点：共和　出处：《山东大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 清末以来,以林则徐等先进知识分子为代表,开始了对西方民主共和思想的简单介绍,中国人逐渐认识并形成了对西方民主共和观念的理解。伴随着清朝国势的逐步衰弱,尤其是甲午战争失败以后,民主共和这种最初被朝野上下所排斥的思想,在孙中山等革命党人的传播下,经过与君主立宪派的大讨论,逐步兴起并最终在中国确立起来。民主共和思潮在中国的发展经过了一个萌芽、兴起、高涨的过程,只有理顺民主共和思潮的发展脉络并结合清末中国的现实国情,才能够理解这种思潮为什么能够战胜其他思潮在中国确立起来；才能够理解中国传统政治与法律观念在应对清末社会危局所表现出来的不足与缺陷；才能够理解这种思潮对中国的巨大意义。毫无疑问,虽然革命党人对于民主共和思想的理解不够深刻,但是它的核心观念却深深地吸引并影响了整个中国,它的成果不仅仅是建立了一个民主共和国家,而是开创了中国的新时代,直到今天,民主与共和仍然是中国人为之奋斗的目标。本文对清末民主共和的论述分为三大部分：第一部分是民主共和思潮的提出,首先是对“民主”与“共和”这两组概念的起源做了简单的介绍,这能更好的理解清末时期民主共和思想的特点。另外介绍了民主共和这些观念在清朝末年是如何一步一步传入中国,并介绍了他们在传入中国的时候中国的知识分子的态度与评价。第二部分是民主共和思想的兴起与高涨,主要包括从兴中会的建立到大论战结束的建立这一时期,重点说明了孙中山及其革命党人民主共和思想以及他们对民主共和思想传播所做出的努力,以及最终民主共和思想是如何在中国确立的。重点对民主共和思想之所以能够在中国成长并发展起来做了论述。第三部分是对民主共和思想之所以能够在中国确立的原因以及意义做了概括性的总结。
[Abstract]:Since the end of the Qing Dynasty, with Lin Zexu and other advanced intellectuals as the representative, began a brief introduction to the idea of the western democratic republic, the Chinese gradually recognized and formed the understanding of the concept of the western democratic republic. In particular, after the defeat of the Sino-Japanese War, the idea of a democratic republic, which was initially rejected by the ruling and opposition parties, was spread by revolutionaries such as Sun Zhongshan after a great discussion with the constitutional monarchy. The development of the trend of democratic republicanism in China has gone through a process of germination, rising and rising. Only by straightening out the development of the trend of thought of democracy and republicanism, and combining with the reality of China in the late Qing Dynasty, Only in order to understand why this trend of thought can overcome other trends of thought in China to establish, to understand the traditional Chinese political and legal concepts in dealing with the social crisis in the late Qing Dynasty, the shortcomings and defects; In order to understand the great significance of this trend of thought to China, there is no doubt that although the revolutionaries did not have a profound understanding of the idea of a democratic republic, its core concept has deeply attracted and influenced the whole of China. Its achievements are not only the establishment of a democratic republic, but also a new era in China. To this day, democracy and republicanism are still the goals of the Chinese people. The first part is the proposition of democratic Republican thought, first of all, it introduces the origin of "democracy" and "republic". This can better understand the characteristics of democratic republicanism in the late Qing Dynasty. In addition, it introduces how the idea of democratic republicanism was introduced into China step by step in the late Qing Dynasty. It also introduces the attitude and evaluation of Chinese intellectuals when they were introduced into China. The second part is the rise and upsurge of the democratic Republican thought, which mainly includes the period from the establishment of the Xingzhong Conference to the establishment of the Great controversy. Highlighting Sun Zhongshan and his revolutionary party's ideas of democracy and republicanism and their efforts to spread them, And how the thought of democratic republicanism was established in China. The emphasis is on the reason why the thought of democratic republicanism can grow and develop in China. The third part is the summary of the reason and significance of the democratic republic thought in China.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D092;K257

【引证文献】