论抗战时期张澜的民主宪政思想

发布时间：2018-03-06 06:18

本文选题：抗战时期　切入点：张澜　出处：《东北师范大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：张澜是中国近现代史上著名的人物之一,他不仅是我国著名的民主革命家、教育家,中国民主同盟的创始人和杰出的领导者,还是中国共产党的亲密朋友、可敬的爱国主义者。他的一生经历了三个不同的历史阶段,其政治思想也紧随时代的前进而不断发展,特别是在日本帝国主义侵略、民族危机不断上升的抗日战争时期,张澜的政治思想逐渐转变为反对国民党一党专制,追求民主政治。这一时期的张澜开始对民主政治进行广泛地宣传,并且能够团结其他民主爱国的有识之士,他以自己的实际行动,推动着民主运动不断前进。因此,研究张澜的民主宪政思想,是研究除国共两党之外,中间势力在抗战时期为实现国家民主、反对蒋介石独裁专制所做出的努力和实践的重要内容之一,他的主张和思想指引着青年爱国学生走向革命和进步,推动了当时抗日民主运动的发展;同时也为今天更好的完善和发展中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度有极其重要的借鉴作用。本文从四个部分对张澜的民主宪政思想进行了论述: 第一部分:主要论述了对张澜民主宪政思想的研究状况及说明了本文研究的出发点、角度与方法。第二部分:主要论述了张澜丰富的人生经历是他政治思想发生变化,能够与时俱进的前提以及分析其民主宪政思想形成的条件。第三部分:主要论述了抗战时期张澜为早日实现民主宪政所进行的实践和其宪政思想的主要内容,并通过比较分析得出张澜民主宪政思想的特点。第四部分:用辨证的历史观来客观评价张澜的民主宪政思想,其积极意义在于对团结抗日、反对国民党一党专政,为民主宪政运动的深入发展以及对广大青年学生和爱国将领的进步思想的启迪有着极其重要的影响;但由于时代的局限,他的宪政思想也存在着不足。文章在结论部分对全文进行了概括和总结,肯定了抗战时期张澜民主宪政思想的历史意义及现实意义。但由于中国当时的国情和其自身认识的局限性,张澜的民主宪政思想未能真正付诸于实践。我们应当用历史唯物主义观点,用历史的发展眼光来看待张澜的民主宪政思想。
[Abstract]:Zhang Lan is one of the most famous figures in the history of modern Chinese, he is not only a famous democratic revolutionist, educator, founder of China Democratic Alliance and outstanding leader, Chinese was a close friend of the Communist Party, worthy patriots. His life has experienced three different historical stages, its political thought also followed the progress of the times and continue to develop, especially in the aggression of Japanese imperialism, the national crisis of rising Anti Japanese War, Zhang Lan's political thoughts gradually changed against the Kuomintang's one party autocracy, the pursuit of democracy. During this period, Zhang Lan began to conduct extensive publicity for democracy, and to unite other Democratic patriotic a person with breadth of vision he, with their own practical action, to promote democracy movement forward continuously. Therefore, research on Zhang Lan's democratic constitutional thought, is studied in the KMT, intermediate potential The force in the Anti Japanese War period for the realization of democracy, one of the important contents against the efforts and practice made Jiang Jieshi dictatorship, his ideas and thoughts to guide young students to the patriotic revolution and progress, promote the development of the Anti Japanese democratic movement; at the same time as today to better the improvement and development of multi-party cooperation under the leadership of the Communist Party and political China the negotiation system has extremely important reference function.
This article discusses Zhang Lan's democratic and constitutional thought from four parts.
The first part mainly discusses the research situation of Zhang Lan's democratic constitutionalism and explains the starting point, the angle and the method of this study.
The second part mainly discusses the rich life experience of Zhang Lan, the premise of his political thoughts changing and keeping pace with the times, and analyzing the conditions for the formation of his democratic constitutionalism.
The third part: mainly discussed the practice of Zhang Lan's early realization of democratic constitutionalism and the main contents of his constitutional thought during the war of resistance against Japan, and drew the characteristics of Zhang Lan's democratic constitutionalism thought through comparative analysis.
The fourth part: the objective evaluation of Zhang Lan's democratic constitutional thought with dialectical view of history, its positive significance is to unite against Japan, against the Kuomintang's one party dictatorship, has a very important effect on the further development of the democratic constitutionalism movement and the progress of young students and patriotic general enlightenment thought; but because of the limitations of the times, his constitutional thought also has shortcomings.
In the conclusion part of this thesis, affirmed during the Anti Japanese War Zhang Lan democratic constitutional thought historical significance and practical significance. However, due to the limitation of the China at the time of the situation and their own understanding of the idea of constitutional democracy, Zhang Lan failed to really put into practice. We should use the viewpoint of historical materialism, to see Zhang Lan in a perspective of development history of the idea of constitutional democracy.

【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K265

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