中外法治评估指标比较研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 05:03

本文选题：法治评估　切入点：法治评估指标体系　出处：《浙江大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当前我国法治评估呈现一种阶梯式的发展状况,具体表现在两个方面:其一是整体与地方、地方与地方之间的法治评估指标存在差异;其二是理论界与实务界所设计的指标体系存在较大差异。法治国家的全面建成要求攻克法治发展不平衡的难题。本文旨在借助中外法治评估指标的比较研究,找寻完善我国法治评估指标体系的路径。构建科学的法治评估指标体系的进路是:在明确法治概念的基础上对其加以原则化与操作化,围绕着基本原则设计具体的测量指标以及设置指标的权重。国际上具有较大影响力的法治指数有全球治理指数、世界正义工程法治指数、自由度指数、全球腐败感知指数等,这些法治指数的指标大体上可以归纳为五类:权力制约指标、根除腐败指标、政府效能指标、基本权利保护指标以及司法公正指标。法治评估已经成为国内法学研究的新增长点和法治建设的有力抓手。理论界成立若干法治评估研究阵地,对法治评估的理论基础、类型构造进行深入的探究。以各级政府为代表的实务界纷纷开展法治评估运动。国内法治评估的指标可概括为六类:立法指标、执法指标、司法指标、守法指标、法律监督指标以及社会满意度指标。较之域外法治评估指标,国内存在权力制约指标的缺失、根除腐败指标的权重过轻、基本权利保护指标的清晰度不够以及指标体系评测重点不同四个方面的差异。产生差异的原因在于两者所处的法治环境、对法治概念的理解、法治评估进路的选择、法治评估的目标均不相同。比较分析之后,笔者认为完善我国法治评估指标体系的路径是:采取若干合理的方式促使法治内涵达成普遍的共识;对法治评估保持理性的认识,切勿陷入理想主义和功利主义的误区;在指标的具体设计层面,国家仅就法治的共性部分构建指标,赋予地方一定程度的自主权,采取灵活个性化的原则,同时强化法治评估结果的激励作用。
[Abstract]:At present, the evaluation of the rule of law in our country presents a kind of step by step development, which is manifested in two aspects: one is the whole and the place, and the index of the evaluation of the rule of law between the local and the local is different; The second is that there are great differences in the index system designed by the theorists and the practitioners. The comprehensive construction of a country ruled by law requires overcoming the difficult problem of uneven development of the rule of law. This paper aims at making use of the comparative study of the evaluation indexes of the rule of law at home and abroad. To find the way to perfect the evaluation index system of rule of law in our country. The way to construct a scientific index system of evaluation of rule of law is to make it principled and operable on the basis of defining the concept of rule of law. The index of rule of law, which has great influence in the world, includes the index of global governance, the index of the rule of law of the world justice project, the index of degree of freedom, the index of global perception of corruption and so on. These indicators of the rule of law index can be broadly grouped into five categories: power restriction indicators, corruption eradication indicators, government performance indicators, The index of the protection of basic rights and the index of judicial justice. The evaluation of rule of law has become a new growth point in domestic legal research and a powerful hand in the construction of the rule of law. The practice circles, represented by governments at all levels, have launched a campaign to evaluate the rule of law. The indicators of domestic rule of law assessment can be summarized into six categories: legislative indicators, law enforcement indicators, judicial indicators, law-abiding indicators, Compared with the extra-territorial evaluation index of rule of law, there is a lack of power restriction index in our country, and the weight of corruption index is too light. The definition of the basic rights protection index is not clear enough and the difference between the four aspects of the evaluation focus of the index system lies in the legal environment, the understanding of the concept of the rule of law, the choice of the way to evaluate the rule of law. After comparative analysis, the author thinks that the way to perfect the evaluation index system of rule of law in our country is to adopt some reasonable ways to make the connotation of rule of law reach a general consensus, to maintain a rational understanding of the evaluation of rule of law. Do not fall into the misconception of idealism and utilitarianism. At the specific design level of the indicators, the state only constructs indicators on the common parts of the rule of law, gives a certain degree of autonomy to the local authorities, and adopts the principle of flexibility and individualization. At the same time, strengthen the evaluation results of the rule of law incentive role.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D920.0

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