金与金合金电极方波电势处理法制备微纳结构金及其性能研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 23:20

本文选题：枝晶金　切入点：多孔金　出处：《湖南师范大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 纳米金材料由于其特殊的结构以及由此产生的一系列纳米效应,广泛应用于化工、能源、电子等领域。如今,人们已能利用各种方法来制备不同形态的纳米金材料。其中,电化学方法由于其反应可控性好、条件温和、污染少、适用范围广等优点,是一种前途广阔的纳米材料制备方法。本文提出了一种新颖、简单、快速的电化学方法,利用纯金及金合金电极制备三维纳米枝晶／多孔薄膜金电极,应用于电催化、表面增强拉曼光谱和疏水性研究。主要内容如下： 1. Au45Sn55(wt.%)合金在碱性溶液中,通过方波电势脉冲,可快速制备纳米枝晶金膜。枝晶的形成过程涉及去合金、金的氧化还原和析氢。酸性条件下,需要较长时间的方波处理,才能得到类似的枝晶金结构。该枝晶金膜具有高电催化活性和强表面增强拉曼散射效应,在修饰硫醇后具有超疏水性。 2.Au80Sn20合金在NaOH溶液中,经方波电势脉冲,在有气体析出的情况下,生成三维多孔结构金；而在无气体析出的情况下,则形由不规则金纳米晶粒堆积成的多孔结构。Au80Sn20合金在H2SO4溶液中,经方波电势脉冲,不析气的情况下生成枝叶细小的枝晶金,而在有气体参与的情况下则生成纤细的枝晶结构。所制备的三维多孔电极对葡萄糖和乙醇有良好的电催化活性,在表面修饰硫醇单分子层后也具有超疏水性。 3.研究了纯Au以及AuCu等合金电极经方波电势处理所得的表面结构特征。其中,纯Au电极在H2SO4溶液中不析气的情况下也能够产生枝晶Au；在NaOH溶液中,不析气则生成与Au80Sn20类似的由不规则金纳米晶粒堆积成的多孔结构。AuNi等合金电极通过方波脉冲法也能得到各种微纳米结构表面。
[Abstract]:Nanocrystalline gold materials have been widely used in chemical, energy, electronic and other fields because of their special structure and a series of nanometer effects. Nowadays, people have been able to use various methods to prepare nano-gold materials of different forms. Electrochemical method is a promising method for the preparation of nanomaterials due to its advantages of good controllability, mild conditions, less pollution and wide range of application. In this paper, a novel, simple and rapid electrochemical method is proposed. Three-dimensional nanocrystalline / porous thin film gold electrode was prepared from pure gold and gold alloy electrode. It was used in electrocatalysis, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and hydrophobicity. The main contents are as follows:. 1. Au45Sn55wt.) alloy can be rapidly prepared by square wave potential pulse in alkaline solution. The dendrite formation process involves dealloying, gold redox and hydrogen evolution. Under acidic conditions, a long time square wave treatment is required. The dendritic gold film has high electrocatalytic activity and strong surface-enhanced Raman scattering effect, and has super hydrophobicity after modification of mercaptan. 2. Au80Sn20 alloy in NaOH solution, through square wave potential pulse, in the case of gas precipitation, the formation of three-dimensional porous structure gold, while in the case of no gas precipitation, In H _ 2SO _ 4 solution, in H _ 2SO _ 4 solution, dendritic gold with fine branches and leaves is formed by square wave potential pulse and no gas evolution, which is formed by the porous structure of irregular gold nanocrystalline grains, and the au _ (80) Sn _ (20) alloy is formed in H _ 2SO _ 4 solution. The three-dimensional porous electrode has good electrocatalytic activity for glucose and ethanol, and has super hydrophobicity after surface modification of mercaptan monolayer. 3. The surface structure characteristics of pure au and AuCu alloy electrodes treated by square wave potential have been studied. The dendritic Aus can also be produced at pure au electrodes without gas evolution in H _ 2SO _ 4 solution and in NaOH solution. In the absence of gas evolution, the porous structure of irregular gold nanocrystals. AuNi and other alloy electrodes, similar to that of Au80Sn20, can also be obtained by square wave pulse method.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：TB383.1

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