陶瓷烧结法制备废渣微晶玻璃建材的研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 13:33

本文选题：废渣微晶玻璃　切入点：陶瓷烧结法　出处：《郑州大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 废渣微晶玻璃具有高强度,耐磨损,耐化学腐蚀等许多优良的性能,广泛应用于建筑装饰行业。目前常用的制备方法有熔融法和烧结法,这两种方法在前期的玻璃熔制过程中存在着能耗大,工艺复杂的缺点。高炉水淬渣是一种玻璃态物质,若以它为主要原料,利用陶瓷烧结法制备微晶玻璃,可省去常规工艺前期的玻璃熔融工序,简化工艺,降低能耗,提高废渣利用率。本文综述了目前国内外高炉渣、粉煤灰的利用状况及废渣微晶玻璃的研究现状。采用X荧光光谱仪、XRD、DSC-TG、SEM、激光粒度分析仪等检测手段对高炉渣、粉煤灰及制备的微晶玻璃进行分析表征。研究了化学组分、助熔剂含量、高炉渣粉体粒度、热处理制度等工艺参数对微晶玻璃性能的影响,探讨了该系玻璃析晶动力学判据,尝试了几种着色剂的着色效果。实验结果表明：高炉渣和粉煤灰是由玻璃相和少量晶相组成的硅酸盐质物质,以高炉渣为主要原料(加入量可达90 wt%以上),添加一定量的粉煤灰和助熔剂,采用陶瓷烧结法,能制备出主晶相为黄长石且性能优良的微晶玻璃。粉煤灰添加量为5 wt%时,制备的微晶玻璃中晶粒细小且均匀分布在玻璃基体中,晶粒尺寸2-3μm,密度、吸水率、抗弯强度及显微硬度分别为2.66 g/cm3、0.12%、96.99 MPa.4.9 GPa,耐酸碱腐蚀损失率几乎为零,随粉煤灰含量继续增加,试样力学性能恶化；少量长石在高温时形成的液相能很好的促进烧结,其添加量为5 wt%时,制备的样品中晶粒尺寸为1-2μm,显微硬度达到5.2 GPa；细高炉渣粉体有利于细小晶体的析出及微晶玻璃性能的提高,D(90)为20μm左右的高炉渣粉体制备的微晶玻璃中晶粒尺寸为1μm左右,显微硬度达5.3 GPa；晶化时间为40 min时,制备的试样中晶粒细小,多呈粒状；随烧结温度的升高,试样密度和吸水率下降,晶相含量减少,在1200°C烧结时,力学性能最好。对该系玻璃析晶动力学研究表明：K值法得到的结果和实验相符,适合本体系析晶动力学判据。对Co2O3、Cr2O3、CuO、ZrO2、Fe2O3、MnO2着色效果的研究表明：着色效果和着色剂含量、烧结气氛密切相关,其中Co2O3、Cr2O3、MnO2的着色效果很明显,含量为1.5 wt%时,即可将微晶玻璃着成深蓝、墨绿和淡紫色。
[Abstract]:Waste slag glass-ceramics have many excellent properties, such as high strength, wear resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and so on. They are widely used in building decoration industry. These two methods have the disadvantages of high energy consumption and complicated process in the early stage of glass melting. Blast furnace water quenched slag is a kind of glass-state material. If it is used as the main raw material, the glass-ceramics can be prepared by ceramic sintering method. It can save the glass melting process, simplify the process, reduce the energy consumption and improve the utilization ratio of waste residue. In this paper, the utilization of blast furnace slag and fly ash at home and abroad and the research status of waste slag glass-ceramics are reviewed. The blast furnace slag is tested by means of X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRDX), DSC-TGG (SEM), laser particle size analyzer (LPA) and so on. The effects of chemical composition, flux content, granularity of blast furnace slag powder and heat treatment system on the properties of glass-ceramics were studied. The coloring effect of several colorants was tried. The experimental results show that the blast furnace slag and fly ash are silicate materials composed of glass phase and a small amount of crystal phase. The blast furnace slag is used as the main raw material (the amount of blast furnace slag can reach more than 90 wt%), a certain amount of fly ash and flux is added, and the ceramic sintering method is used. The glass-ceramics whose main crystal phase is yellow feldspar and excellent performance can be prepared. When the content of fly ash is 5 wt%, the crystallite in the glass-ceramics is fine and evenly distributed in the glass substrate, the grain size is 2-3 渭 m, the density, the water absorption rate, and the crystal size of the glass-ceramics are 2 ~ 3 渭 m. The flexural strength and microhardness were 2.66 g / cm ~ (3) 0.12m ~ (0.12) and 96.99 MPa.4.9 GPa.The corrosion loss rate of acid-alkali resistance was almost zero. The mechanical properties of the samples deteriorated with the increase of fly ash content, and the liquid phase formed by a small amount of feldspar at high temperature could promote sintering very well. When the addition amount is 5 wt%, The grain size of the prepared samples is 1-2 渭 m and the microhardness is 5.2 GPa.The fine blast furnace slag powder is beneficial to the precipitation of fine crystals and the improvement of glass-ceramics properties. The grain size of the glass-ceramics prepared by the blast furnace slag powder with about 20 渭 m is about 1 渭 m. The microhardness is 5.3 GPA, the crystallization time is 40 min, the grain size is fine, and the sample density and water absorption decrease with the increase of sintering temperature, and the content of crystal phase decreases at 1200 掳C. The study on crystallization kinetics of the glass system shows that the results obtained by the ratio K value method are in good agreement with the experimental results, and are suitable for the crystallization kinetics criterion of the system. The coloring effect of Co _ 2O _ 3 / Cr _ 2O _ 3C _ 2O _ 3C _ 2O _ 3H _ 2O _ 2o _ 2 Fe _ 2O _ 3H _ 2O _ 3O _ 2 shows that the coloring effect is closely related to the colorant content and the sintering atmosphere. The coloring effect of Co _ 2O _ 3O _ 3C _ 2O _ 3H _ 2O _ 3MnO _ 2 is very obvious. When the content is 1.5 wt%, the glass-ceramics can be deposited into dark blue, dark green and lavender.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：TQ171.733

【引证文献】