现代民主政治中的家族政治——一种尝试性分析框架

发布时间：2018-03-21 23:35

本文选题：家族政治　切入点：庇护政治　出处：《政治学研究》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：现代家族政治是指在自由民主制度框架下,某些家族的成员由于拥有特殊的资源,能够连续当选并掌握政权,使得权力在某些家族内部呈现出代际延续的现象。家族政治的出现存在两大根源:地方政治经济中不平等的权力结构导致政治过程中庇护关系形成,政治家能够利用家族资源获得特定群体的稳定支持,而某些家族成员的当选又成为该群体参与公共产品分配的前提;政党内部缺乏民主机制、外部缺少社会支持组织,党的候选人提名和资金筹集分配权力集中于党的领袖,使得家族能够发挥政党的替代性作用或导致政党被政治家族所控制。来自发达民主国家和发展中民主国家的证据表明,家族政治的存在是上述两种机制共同作用的结果。政治过程中的庇护关系越严重,家族政治越有可能出现;而政党组织越不发达,就越有可能为家族政治提供制度性机会。家族政治集中体现了西方民主政治中的权利不平等现象,它与现代民主政治的平等理念相悖,同时也有害于民主政府的质量。
[Abstract]:Modern family politics means that, within the framework of a liberal democracy, members of certain families, because of their special resources, are able to be elected and control power continuously. The emergence of family politics has two main roots: the unequal power structure in local politics and economy leads to the formation of sheltered relations in the political process. Politicians can use family resources to secure stable support from a particular group, and the election of certain family members is a prerequisite for their participation in the distribution of public goods; there is a lack of democratic mechanisms within political parties and a lack of external social support organizations. The Party's nomination of candidates and the allocation of funds to the leadership of the party enable the family to play an alternative role or lead to the political family's control. Evidence from developed and developing democracies shows that. The existence of family politics is the result of the joint action of the two mechanisms. The more serious the asylum relationship in the political process, the more likely it is to appear; and the less developed the political party organization is, The more likely it is to provide institutional opportunities for family politics, which embodies the inequality of rights in western democratic politics, which runs counter to the idea of equality in modern democracy and is harmful to the quality of democratic government.
【作者单位】：上海外国语大学国际关系与公共事务学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大项目“非西方国家政治发展道路研究”(15ZDA033)的研究成果复旦大学陈树渠比较政治发展研究中心的资助
【分类号】：D035

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