论城管执法的法治化

发布时间：2018-03-23 16:06

本文选题：城管执法权　切入点：城管执法的法治化　出处：《中国政法大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 随着我国社会经济的持续迅猛发展,我国的工业化与城市化的进程在不断加快,与此同时,城市在自身的发展中,国际化、现代化进程不断深化,环境、交通等城市管理问题不断涌现,矛盾也更加集中和尖锐。因此,不断提高城市管理水平不仅是当前一项紧迫的任务,也将是国家在现代化进程中一个长期的重要课题。城管行政执法的法治化则是政府提高城市管理水平的核心要素。目前城管执法处于社会矛盾的最前沿,承受着政府执法职能中最艰难的部分,同时也突显出很多问题。本文通过援引湖北天门市城市管理局多名执法人员群殴魏文华致死事件和北京的崔英杰案,提出城管执法法治化的问题。对城市管理权、城管执法权、城管执法的法治化、城管处罚权、城管综合执法等概念加以界定,明确城市管理权、城管执法权、城管处罚权三者间在逻辑结构上的顺位种属概念关系,即前者顺位包容后者,后者逆向成为前者的下位概念。指出城管执法行为是城市管理权运行的核心环节,而城管行政处罚权则成为城管行政执法行为是否公正最主要的参照。因行政执法的价值取向直接影响甚至决定执法的态度、执法方式和执法效果,故在明析概念的基础上,首先对法治化城管体制应有的价值取向做出定位。强调“以人为本、公民权利优先”,使城管执法成为保障公民实现人权的武器,而非侵犯私权的工具,提倡“人性化”执法。将建立良好的城市管理秩序、避免城管执法过程中行政权力的交叉、提高城市管理效率、保障城市公众权利的实现作为城管执法法治化的直接价值目标。其次以行政法理学的角度从精神和实体两方面对城管执法法治化的构成要件予以阐述。通过对我国现存的两种城管执法运行机制(既传统的专门行政执法和综合行政执法模式)的比较,着重论述综合行政执法机制产生、现状、特征及理想状态。进而总结两种城管执法运行模式在行政执法过程中普遍存在的执法不规范、侵权行为频发、越权执法现象严重等问题,分析问题产生的原因,找出症结所在。提出城管执法法治化的前瞻性建议:对相关法律法规进行修订或重新立法,解决城管执法过程中存在的法律法规依据不足、职能划分不清、执法主体不明等问题;在城管执法机构内部实行职能分离,以解决目前执法机构集行政检查权、行政处罚权和行政强制执行权于一身的危险状况;加强城管执法队伍建设,建立全国统一的城管行政执法队伍,加强对执法人员的培训,提高其法律意识和执法水平;加大对城管执法的法律监督力度,完善司法监督机制和媒体监督机制等。
[Abstract]:With the sustained and rapid development of China's social economy, the process of industrialization and urbanization in our country is speeding up. At the same time, cities in their own development, internationalization, modernization process is deepening, the environment, Therefore, it is not only an urgent task to continuously improve the level of urban management, but also a long-term important subject in the process of modernization. At present, urban management law enforcement is at the forefront of social contradictions and bears the most difficult part of the government's law enforcement function. At the same time, it also highlights a lot of problems. By citing the death of Wei Wenhua and the Cui Yingjie case in Beijing by several law enforcement officers of Hubei Tianmen City Administration, this paper raises the question of the legalization of urban management law enforcement. To the city management power, the city management law enforcement power, the urban management law enforcement power, The legal system of urban management, the power of chengguan punishment, the comprehensive law enforcement of chengguan, and so on, are defined, and the relationship between urban management power, chengmang law enforcement power and chengguan punishment power in logical structure is defined, that is, the former includes the latter sequentially. The latter converse becomes the lower concept of the former, pointing out that urban management law enforcement is the core link of the operation of urban management power, and the chengguan administrative punishment right is the most important reference whether the urban management administrative law enforcement behavior is fair or not. Because the value orientation of administrative law enforcement directly influences and even determines the attitude, method and effect of law enforcement, on the basis of analyzing the concept of law enforcement, the orientation of the value orientation due to the legal system of urban management is first made. The priority of civil rights is to make urban management law enforcement a weapon to protect citizens' realization of human rights, rather than a tool for violating private rights, and to advocate "humanized" law enforcement. It will establish a good urban management order and avoid the overlapping of administrative powers in the process of urban management law enforcement. To improve the efficiency of urban management and to ensure the realization of urban public rights is the direct value goal of urban management law enforcement. Secondly, from the perspective of administrative jurisprudence, this paper expounds the constitutive elements of urban management law enforcement legalization from the perspective of spirit and entity. Through the comparison of two existing urban management law enforcement operating mechanisms (i.e. traditional specialized administrative law enforcement and comprehensive administrative law enforcement mode), this paper focuses on the emergence and present situation of comprehensive administrative law enforcement mechanism. The characteristics and ideal state of the law enforcement are summarized, and the causes of the problems, such as non-standard law enforcement, frequent infringement, serious phenomenon of ultra vires law enforcement and so on, are summarized, and the causes of the problems are analyzed. To find out the crux of the problem. To put forward forward-looking suggestions on the legalization of urban management law enforcement: to amend or re-legislate the relevant laws and regulations, to resolve the insufficiency of the legal basis and the unclear division of functions in the process of urban management law enforcement. Problems such as unclear subject of law enforcement, separation of functions within urban management law enforcement agencies in order to solve the current dangerous situation of law enforcement agencies integrating the power of administrative inspection, the power of administrative punishment and the power of administrative enforcement, and the strengthening of the construction of urban management law enforcement teams, To establish a unified national team of urban management administrative law enforcement, to strengthen the training of law enforcement personnel, to improve their legal awareness and law enforcement level, to strengthen the legal supervision of urban management law enforcement, to improve the judicial supervision mechanism and the media supervision mechanism, etc.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.1

【参考文献】