静电纺丝法制备稀土化合物纳米纤维

发布时间：2018-03-27 23:18

本文选题：稀土　切入点：静电纺丝　出处：《福建师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：以稀土化合物为原料,以高分子材料(如PVA)为模板,配制稀土化合物/PVA纺丝溶液,采用自主组装的静电纺丝设备(阴极接喷丝头、阳极为收集板以及纺丝环境温度可控),制备稀土化合物/PVA复合纳米纤维。通过调控纺丝溶液的物理性质和纺丝条件,控制复合纳米纤维形貌。以所制备的稀土化合物/PVA复合纳米纤维为前驱体,通过调节预碳化和煅烧处理的工艺条件,获得具有特殊形貌结构的稀土氧化物纳米纤维材料,可望在催化剂、气体传感器和荧光材料中获得应用。主要研究工作内容如下四个部分： (1) LaOCl纳米纤维的制备及其表征：以LaCl3为原料,PVA为模板,配制一定浓度的LaCl3/PVA纺丝溶液,在电压为85 kV,工作距离为15cm,流速为2 mL/h,环境温度为50℃的条件下,通过电纺丝制备PVA/LaCl3复合纳米纤维,并以该复合纳米纤维为前驱体,采用煅烧法制备LaOCl纳米纤维,所制备的纳米纤维直径为200～430nm,纤维出现分叉结构,对CO2具有较强的吸附能力,有望在CO2气体传感器上获得应用。 (2)片层La2O3纳米纤维的制备,表征及催化性能。以PVA为模板,La(NO3)3为原料配成纺丝溶液。在电压为65～85 kV,工作距离为15cm,流速为1.5mL/h,环境温度控制在50℃条件下电纺制备PVA/La(NO3)3复合纳米纤维前驱体,进一步煅烧前驱体最终形成片层La203纳米纤维。讨论了纺丝条件及溶液物理性质对前驱体形貌的影响和煅烧工艺对目标产物形貌的影响,并研究了片层La2O3纳米纤维的催化性能。所制备的La203纳米纤维不仅在低温下对CO2吸附性能好,可作为CO2传感器,并且对皮蝇磷降解的催化效率高。 (3)Y2O3：Eu3+荧光纳米材料的制备及表征：以一定的摩尔比的Y(NO3)3和Eu(NO3)3为原料、PVA为模板,配制Y(NO3)3/Eu(NO3)3/PVA纺丝溶液,在电压为65 kV,工作距离为15cm,流速为1.5mL/h,环境温度为50℃的条件下,通过电纺丝制备PVA/Y(NO3)3/Eu(NO3)3复合纳米纤维。以所制备的复合纳米纤维为前驱体,通过煅烧制备表面呈现齿轮状的、直径约在54～96nm之间的Y2O3：Eu3+荧光纳米材料,研究了Y2O3：Eu3+纳米纤维的荧光性能,结果表明,Y2O3：Eu纳米纤维的荧光强度高于普通Y2O3：Eu粉末的荧光强度,且当铕的摩尔掺杂量为5%时,其荧光强度最强。所制的荧光纳米纤维有望在显示器、生物分析和电信等领域获得应用。 (4) Y2O3:RE (RE=Tb, Sm和Dy)荧光纳米材料的制备及表征：以一定的摩尔比的Y(NO3)3和RE(NO3)x(X=3或4)为原料,PVA为模板,配制Y(NO3)3/RE(NO3)X/PVA纺丝溶液,在电压为65 kV,工作距离为15cm,流速为1.5mL/h,环境温度为50℃的条件下,采用电纺技术制备PVA/Y(NO3)3/RE(NO3)x复合纳米纤维。以所制备的PVA/Y(NO3)3/RE(NO3)x复合纳米纤维为前驱体,采用煅烧法制备Y2O3：RE荧光纳米材料,初步探讨了无机/有机复合材料转化为无机材料的机理,并研究了Y2O3：RE纳米纤维的荧光性能。结果表面,所制备的Y2O3：RE纳米纤维具有很强的荧光强度,在显示器、生物分析法、电通讯等领域有潜在的应用前景。
[Abstract]:A rare earth compound / PVA composite nanofiber is prepared by taking rare earth compound as a template , preparing a rare earth compound / PVA spinning solution by using a high molecular material ( such as PVA ) as a template , and preparing a rare earth compound / PVA composite nanofiber by adjusting the physical property and the spinning condition of the spinning solution .

( 1 ) Preparation and characterization of LaOCl nanofibers : LaCl3 / PVA spinning solution with a certain concentration is prepared by using LaCl3 as a raw material and PVA as a template . Under the condition that the voltage is 85 kV , the working distance is 15cm , the flow rate is 2 mL / h , the ambient temperature is 50 DEG C , the nano fiber prepared by the method has a diameter of 200 - 430 nm , the fiber has a branching structure , and has stronger adsorption capacity for CO2 , and is expected to be applied to the CO2 gas sensor .

( 2 ) The preparation , characterization and catalytic properties of La203 nano - fibers were prepared by using PVA as template and La ( NO3 ) 3 as raw materials . The effect of spinning conditions and physical properties on the morphology of target products was discussed . The effects of spinning conditions and physical properties on the morphology of target products were discussed .

Y2O3 : Eu ( NO3 ) 3 / Eu ( NO3 ) 3 / PVA spinning solution was prepared by electrospinning with Y2O3 : Eu ( NO3 ) 3 / Eu ( NO3 ) 3 / PVA spinning solution with a molar ratio of Y ( NO3 ) 3 and Eu ( NO3 ) 3 . The results showed that the fluorescence intensity of Y2O3 : Eu nanofibers was higher than that of ordinary Y2O3 : Eu powder .

( 4 ) Preparation and characterization of Y2O3 : RE ( RE = Tb , Sm and Dy ) fluorescent nano - materials : Y ( NO3 ) 3 and RE ( NO3 ) x ( X = 3 or 4 ) with a certain molar ratio were used as raw materials , PVA as template to prepare Y ( NO3 ) 3 / RE ( NO3 ) x composite nanofibers .

【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：TB383.1

【共引文献】