环保非政府组织在环境法治中的作用研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 04:14

本文选题：环保非政府组织　切入点：环境法治　出处：《中南林业科技大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：中共十七大报告中强调：要全面落实依法治国基本方略,加快建设社会主义法治国家。而法治国家的建立需要一个发达的市民社会,或者是团体社会,来对抗强大的政治社会,以达到“市民社会——团体社会——政治社会”三者力量的均衡。即以社会力量来“限权”、“维权”,以弥补政府的“失灵”。同样,就环境法治而言,社会环保力量的参与也极为必要,它已经成为影响环境法治建设进程的重要因素。因此,作为环保社会力量核心的环保非政府组织也就顺理成章节地成为了环境法治建设的助推器,并且其在环境法治建设中的作用日益凸显。环保非政府组织能培养公众环境法律意识、保证环境法律实施、监督政府环境权力的行使等等,这些都有利于环境法治的建设。可以说,环保非政府组织的发展与环境法治的建设休戚相关。然而,环保非政府组织并不是生活在真空中,一些因素将影响环保非政府组织作用的发挥,特别自身建设问题。所以,要充分发挥环保非政府组织在环境法治中的作用,就须改变环保非政府组织的现状,从而保障环保非政府组织在健康的发展轨道上更好地促进环境法治的建设。基于此,本文首先介绍了环保非政府组织的概念、特征、产生原因及发展现状,提出环保非政府组织是以环境保护为主旨,不以营利为目的,不具有行政权力并为社会提供环境公益性服务的民间组织,其除了具有非政府组织特征以外,还有自身的特点。其次系统阐述了环保非政府组织在环境法治中的作用,指出环境法治的建设需要环保非政府组织的参与,而环保非政府组织也将在环境法治建设过程中扮演着越来越重要的角色。再次分析了影响环保非政府作用发挥的障碍因素。环保非政府组织在环境法治建设过程中存在着许多制约因素,比如自身的建设不足、外部的环境不佳。最后在此基础上,提出了环保非政府组织在环境法治建设中的发展对策。要充分发挥环保非政府组织在环境法治建设中的作用就必须进行管理制度的创新,实现发展理念的创新,加强自身建设。除此之外,环境法律制度的完善和政府对环保非政府组织的支持和资助,也能为其发展扫清障碍,进而加快环境法治建设的进程。
[Abstract]:In the report of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, it was stressed: to fully implement the basic strategy of governing the country according to law and to speed up the construction of a socialist country ruled by law, and the establishment of a country ruled by law needs a developed civil society, or a group society, to confront a strong political society. In order to achieve the balance among the forces of "civil society-group society-political society", that is, to "limit power" and "safeguard rights" by social forces, so as to make up for the "failure" of the government. Similarly, as far as the environmental rule of law is concerned, the participation of social environmental protection forces is also extremely necessary. It has become an important factor in the process of environmental legal construction. Therefore, environmental non-governmental organizations, as the core of environmental protection social forces, have naturally become the boosters of environmental legal construction. Environmental non-governmental organizations can cultivate public awareness of environmental law, ensure the implementation of environmental law, supervise the exercise of government environmental power, and so on. It can be said that the development of environmental non-governmental organizations is closely related to the construction of environmental rule of law. However, environmental non-governmental organizations do not live in a vacuum. Some factors will affect the role of environmental non-governmental organizations, especially the problem of self-construction. Therefore, in order to give full play to the role of environmental non-governmental organizations in the environmental rule of law, we must change the current situation of environmental protection non-governmental organizations. So as to ensure environmental protection NGOs in the healthy development track to better promote the construction of environmental rule of law. Based on this, this paper first introduces the concept, characteristics, causes and development status of environmental non-governmental organizations, and points out that environmental protection is the main purpose of environmental non-governmental organizations, not for profit. The non-governmental organizations which do not have administrative power and provide environmental public welfare services have their own characteristics in addition to the characteristics of non-governmental organizations. Secondly, the role of environmental non-governmental organizations in the environmental rule of law is systematically expounded. It is pointed out that the construction of environmental rule of law requires the participation of environmental non-governmental organizations. Environmental non-governmental organizations will also play a more and more important role in the construction of environmental rule of law. There are many constraints, For example, the construction of oneself is insufficient, the external environment is not good. Finally, on this basis, In order to give full play to the role of environmental non-governmental organizations in the construction of environmental rule by law, it is necessary to innovate the management system and realize the innovation of development concept. In addition, the improvement of the environmental legal system and the support and support of the government to the environmental non-governmental organizations can also clear the obstacles for their development and speed up the construction of the environmental legal system.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.68;X321

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