“珠三角”地区村民民主决策研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 17:29

本文选题：“珠三角”　切入点：民主决策　出处：《西北农林科技大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： “珠三角”地区,是我国改革开放的先行地区,较早地建立起社会主义市场经济体制框架,是我国重要的经济中心区域,在全国经济社会发展和改革开放大局中具有突出的带动作用和举足轻重的战略地位。《村组法》是以民主决策为核心内容和关键原则、为了保障基层自治中人民群众应该享有直接民主决策权而制定的。民主决策的精神内核是人民决策,政府执行,大众监督。这种权力运行的依据是自下而上的利益表达。但广东省的村民自治推行得较晚,始于二十世纪九十年代末。尽管起步晚,但地点高、效率高。“珠三角”地区村民民主决策是指村内的自治事项由村民在一定原则和程序下,通过协商的方式,共同商讨村内的重大事宜,决定处理特定事项的方案、方法。选题研究“珠三角”地区村民自治的民主决策,是由于“珠三角”地区村民民主决策存在决策权不明,村民利益表达困难和对公共利益的考虑欠缺,村两委酝酿的决策议题与村民民意还有一定的距离,民主决策形式单一以及大学生村官在民主决策中没有起到应有的作用。而造成这些问题的原因包括：利益的冲突、“少数服从多数”原则的局限性和乡镇政府的行政干预。目前国内对村民自治的研究成果有很多,国外对民主的理论与实践研究已有几百年。但我国目前对村民民主决策的研究较少,主要集中在民主决策的基本理论和民主决策机构,专门针对“珠三角”地区村民民主决策的研究更少。本文是依据相关的文献资料和前人的研究成果,同时结合深入“珠三角”地区农村调查得出的事实案例,发现在民主决策实践中存在的问题,并分析产生这些问题的原因。最后针对“珠三角”地区村民民主决策的问题和原因得出如何完善村民民主决策的措施。这些措施主要有：一是通过提高村民的素质来提高村民的参与决策水平；二是基于“珠三角”地区发达的经济基础,有条件加快建立健全网络服务体系,以期拓宽村民参与民主决策的渠道；三是推进民主法制建设,法制是民主的重要保障,民主决策的正确运行需要法律法规的保障；四是落实村民大会与村民代表会议的决策权,我国法定的村民民主决策权由村民大会和村民代表会议决定；五是建立健全科学民主决策的利益协调机制,以解决“珠三角”地区村民主决策时发生的利益冲突；六是丰富民主决策的形式,“珠三角”地区主要以简单表决为主,只是偶尔引入协商表决,这不符合人民的利益,因此要完善协商决策形式,并引进听证制度和座谈会的方法；七是完善制约和监督机制,包括加强对村两委的层级监督和健全村民举报反馈制度；八是规范乡镇政府的职权。
[Abstract]:The "Pearl River Delta" region is the leading area for China's reform and opening up. It has set up the framework of the socialist market economic system earlier and is an important economic center of our country.In the overall situation of economic and social development and reform and opening up throughout the country, it has a prominent driving role and a pivotal strategic position. The Village Group Law is the core content and key principle of democratic decision-making.In order to ensure grassroots autonomy, the people should enjoy the right to direct democratic decision-making.The core of democratic decision-making is people's decision-making, government execution and public supervision.This power operates on the basis of bottom-up expression of interests.However, the implementation of village autonomy in Guangdong Province was relatively late, beginning in the late 1990s.Although the start is late, but the location is high, the efficiency is high.The democratic decision-making of villagers in "Pearl River Delta" area refers to the decision of the villagers on the matters of autonomy in the village, under certain principles and procedures, through consultation, to jointly discuss the major issues in the village, and to decide the scheme and method for dealing with specific matters.The research on the democratic decision-making of villagers' autonomy in the Pearl River Delta region is due to the uncertainty of the decision-making power of villagers' democratic decision-making in the "Pearl River Delta" region, the difficulty of expressing the villagers' interests and the lack of consideration of the public interests.There is still a certain distance between the decision-making issues and villagers' public opinion, the single form of democratic decision-making and the failure of university students' village officials to play their due role in democratic decision-making.The causes of these problems include the conflict of interests, the limitation of the principle of "minority from majority" and the administrative intervention of township government.At present, there are a lot of researches on villager autonomy in our country, and the theory and practice of democracy have been studied in foreign countries for hundreds of years.However, there are few researches on villagers' democratic decision-making in our country at present, mainly focusing on the basic theory of democratic decision-making and democratic decision-making institutions, especially in the "Pearl River Delta" region.This paper is based on the relevant literature and previous research results, combined with the fact of the "Pearl River Delta" rural investigation, found the problems in the practice of democratic decision-making, and analyzed the causes of these problems.Finally, according to the problems and reasons of villagers' democratic decision-making in the Pearl River Delta region, the measures to perfect the villagers' democratic decision-making are obtained.These measures mainly include: first, by improving the quality of villagers to improve the level of villagers' participation in decision-making; second, based on the developed economic base of the "Pearl River Delta" region, they are in a position to speed up the establishment of a sound network service system.In order to broaden the channels for villagers to participate in democratic decision-making; third, to promote the construction of democracy and the legal system, the legal system is an important guarantee of democracy, and the correct operation of democratic decision-making requires the guarantee of laws and regulations; and fourthly, to implement the decision-making power of the villagers' assembly and the villagers' representative meeting.The legal decision-making power of villagers' democracy is decided by the villagers' Congress and the villagers' representative meeting, the fifth is to establish and perfect the interest coordination mechanism of scientific and democratic decision-making to solve the conflict of interest in the village democratic decision-making in the "Pearl River Delta" region.Sixth, enrich the form of democratic decision-making, the "Pearl River Delta" region mainly by simple voting, only occasionally to introduce a consultative vote, this is not in the interests of the people, so we should improve the form of consultation decision-making, and the introduction of hearing system and forum methods;Seventh, we should perfect the mechanism of restriction and supervision, including strengthening the supervision of the two committees at different levels and perfecting the reporting and feedback system of villagers, and (8) standardizing the functions and powers of township governments.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D422.6

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