参与式预算的中国实践、协商模式及其转型——基于协商民主的视角

发布时间：2018-04-05 18:26

本文选题：参与式预算　切入点：协商民主　出处：《湖北社会科学》2016年03期

【摘要】：政府的公共预算不只是度量财政收支的会计过程,更是公共利益权威性分配的政治过程,政府预算的公共性与民主性问题是中国预算制度改革必须解决的根本问题。协商民主理论的兴起为参与式预算的全球扩展提供了理论支撑,近10多年来,中国基层政府进行了参与式预算的改革与探索,采取了普通公民建议与人大代表决策对接,以及人大代表与普通公民共同决策两种参与形式,从预算参与的协商主体、协商路径和协商功能等方面的特征来看,中国参与式预算属于政府主导的咨询性协商模式,该模式离成熟的协商民主存在一定差距而只具有过渡性质,因而急需实现预算协商模式的转型,其中包括公共协商的三个"重心转移":协商主体重心从政府向纳税人转移,协商路径重心从依靠权力精英自上而下的"内输入"向依靠社会组织和民众自下而上的"外输入"转移,协商功能重心从咨询性协商向决策性协商转移,协商模式转型有助于提升中国参与式预算的协商民主内涵。
[Abstract]:The public budget of the government is not only the accounting process of measuring fiscal revenue and expenditure, but also the political process of authoritative distribution of public interest. The public and democratic nature of the government budget is the fundamental problem that must be solved in the reform of China's budget system.The rise of the theory of deliberative democracy has provided theoretical support for the global expansion of participatory budgeting. In the past 10 years, Chinese grass-roots governments have carried out the reform and exploration of participatory budgeting, and adopted ordinary citizens' advice to connect with the decision making of deputies to the people's Congress.And the two forms of participation of NPC deputies and ordinary citizens in joint decision-making. From the characteristics of the consultation subject, negotiation path and consultation function of budget participation, China's participatory budget belongs to the consultative consultation mode led by the government.There is a certain gap between this model and the mature deliberative democracy, so it is urgent to realize the transformation of budget negotiation mode, which includes three "centers of gravity" of public negotiation: the main body of negotiation is transferred from the government to the taxpayer.The focus of negotiation path shifts from top-down "internal input" relying on power elite to "external input" relying on social organizations and people from bottom to top, and the function of negotiation shifts from consultative negotiation to decision-making negotiation.The transformation of negotiation mode helps to enhance the democratic connotation of China's participatory budget.
【作者单位】：武汉大学政治与公共管理学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社科研究规划基金项目“公共理性语境下的中国协商民主研究”(12YJA810012)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D621

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