行政问责法治化探究

发布时间：2018-05-08 22:30

本文选题：行政问责 + 法律特征　；参考：《中共中央党校》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国行政问责实践可以追溯到1979年“渤海2号”翻沉事故,时任石油部部长的宋振明同志请求解除其职务。2003年“非典”肆虐,行政问责制进入民众视野,逐步发展起来。行政问责绝对不是权宜之计,而是有效提高政府公信力和行政效率的重要制度。在近几年摸索实践中,行政问责制度构建不断跟进。由于理论研究和制度定位的模糊,行政问责制度的发展趋势虽然还不明朗,但作为一项长效机制,从行政问责实践效果和民众反映来看,行政问责法治化是大势所趋,民心所向。本文在及时跟踪行政问责实践动向,关注行政问责理论革新的基础上,从行政法的学科角度审视、思考行政问责制的理论土壤和制度定位,从而为行政问责制的进一步发展奠定基础,为行政问责法治化建设探索方向。围绕上述主题,本文从行政问责基本原理、法律特征、法制建设现状、行政问责制度瓶颈、法治化路径五部分进行探讨。第一部分作为本文开篇,首先从行政问责的概念入手,结合我国政治体制,提出了狭义行政问责的概念。这对于厘清当前学术界不同学科行政问责概念界定混乱的现状起到正本清源的作用。第二部分在厘清行政问责概念的基础上,以行政法学的独特视角,运用行政法基本理论深入分析行政问责制的法律特征。这是本文的一大亮点,也是重要创新之处。明确行政问责的法律特征,是正确指导行政问责制度建设的重要前提,是行政问责立法可行性研究的重要组成部分。第三部分对法律、地方性法规、党内文件、专门问责法规等不同层面的规范性文件进行系统分析,梳理出我国行政问责制的渊源,也从侧面反映了行政问责制度建设的历史进程。这一部分还对部门行政问责这一新动向新趋势进行跟踪分析,其中对土地违法问责的学理分析是本文理论联系实际的又一亮点。第四部分结合当前行政问责法治建设,针对目前行政问责实践中遇到的问题,分析了行政问责法治建设基本完善后,在发展瓶颈期所遇到的实际操作问题,并探讨了问题的深层次原因,旨在提出可行性对策。第五部分抛开当前学术界提出的脱离我国实际的问题和建议,针对前一部分提出的行政问责法治化遇到的问题,提出可行性对策,为行政问责立法提供可借鉴的路径选择。
[Abstract]:The practice of administrative accountability in China can be traced back to the "Bohai Sea No.2" sinking accident in 1979. Comrade Song Zhenming, then Minister of Oil, requested his dismissal. In 2003, "SARS" raged, and the administrative accountability system entered the public's field of vision and gradually developed. Administrative accountability is not an expedient measure, but an important system to effectively improve the government's credibility and administrative efficiency. In recent years, the system of administrative accountability system has been followed up in practice. Because of the ambiguity of theoretical research and system orientation, the development trend of administrative accountability system is not clear, but as a long-term mechanism, from the practical effect of administrative accountability and the reflection of the public, the rule of law of administrative accountability is the trend of the times. The people want what they want. On the basis of following up the practice trend of administrative accountability in time and paying attention to the innovation of administrative accountability theory, this paper considers the theoretical soil and system orientation of administrative accountability from the perspective of administrative law. Thus lay the foundation for the further development of the administrative accountability system and explore the direction of the legal construction of the administrative accountability system. Around the above theme, this paper discusses the basic principle of administrative accountability, legal characteristics, the current situation of legal system construction, the bottleneck of administrative accountability system, and the path of rule of law. The first part begins with the concept of administrative accountability and puts forward the concept of narrow sense of administrative accountability. This is helpful to clarify the confusion in the definition of administrative accountability in different academic disciplines. The second part, on the basis of clarifying the concept of administrative accountability, analyzes the legal characteristics of the administrative accountability system with the basic theory of administrative law from the unique perspective of administrative jurisprudence. This is one of the highlights of this article, but also an important innovation. Clarifying the legal characteristics of administrative accountability is an important prerequisite for correctly guiding the construction of administrative accountability system and an important part of the feasibility study of administrative accountability legislation. The third part systematically analyzes the normative documents at different levels, such as laws, local regulations, inner-party documents, special accountability regulations, etc., and combs out the origin of administrative accountability system in China. It also reflects the historical process of the construction of administrative accountability system. This part also carries on the trace analysis to the department administrative accountability this new trend new tendency, among them to the land illegal accountability academic principle analysis is this article theory unifies the practice another bright spot. The fourth part combined with the current administrative accountability of the rule of law construction, in view of the current problems encountered in the practice of administrative accountability, analysis of the basic improvement of the rule of law of administrative accountability, in the bottleneck period of development encountered practical operational problems, And discussed the deep level reason of the problem, aimed at putting forward the feasible countermeasure. The fifth part puts aside the problems and suggestions put forward by the current academic circles to break away from the actual situation of our country. Aiming at the problems encountered in the rule of law of administrative accountability in the former part, the author puts forward the feasible countermeasures, and provides the path choice for the legislation of administrative accountability.
【学位授予单位】：中共中央党校
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.1

【引证文献】