芦苇预水解硫酸盐法制人纤浆粕
发布时间:2018-05-30 09:20
本文选题:芦苇 + 硫酸盐蒸煮 ; 参考:《大连工业大学》2011年硕士论文
【摘要】:以往生产人纤浆粕的主要原料是木材和棉短绒等天然纤维,然而,我国森林资源匮乏,棉田也有限,用以制浆粕将面临越来越大的困难。芦苇在我国分布广泛,产量高,如能成功用它来生产浆粕,将具有重要的现实意义。 本文首先重点探索了以芦苇为原料,采用蒸煮工艺和漂白工艺制备高质量芦苇浆粕,并且对主要的工序进行优化,得到了优化参数。 (1)水预水解的最佳工艺条件:液比1:6,最高温度175℃,保温时间75min,而最高温度、保温时间对预水解的影响较大。 (2)硫酸盐蒸煮的最佳工艺参数:用碱量18%(对绝干原料,Na_2O计),硫化度19%(Na_2O计),保温时间75min。 (3)ECF漂白流程采用D1-Ep-D2-A,其中二氧化氯的最佳工艺条件:终点pH值4,反应温度70℃,反应时间120min,总用氯量2%。ECF漂白得到芦苇浆粕的白度85.5%ISO,黏度636mL·g~(-1),α-纤维素95.7%,聚戊糖1.93%,灰分0.10%,铁含量18.5mg·kg~(-1)。TCF漂白流程采用Op-PAC-Q-P-A,其中过氧乙酸段的最佳工艺条件:初始pH值7,反应温度70℃,反应时间60min,PAC用量2%。TCF漂白得到芦苇浆粕的白度86.6%ISO,黏度581mL·g~(-1),α-纤维素96%,聚戊糖2.01%,灰分0.06%,铁含量10.4mg·kg~(-1),并通过了浆粕的反应性能测试。 同时,本文又探索了以芦苇预水解废液中分离的半纤维素为原料,通过醚化反应制备不同取代度的阳离子半纤维素。主要讨论了阳离子试剂用量、催化剂NaOH用量、反应时间及温度对取代度的影响。结果表明,当阳离子试剂与半纤维素质量比为0.8,NaOH与半纤维素质量比为0.08,反应时间为2h,温度为60℃时,,可得到取代度为0.0217的阳离子半纤维素。通过红外光谱对改性前后半纤维素的结构进行表征,结果表明改性半纤维素大分子链上具有阳离子基团,证实了半纤维素确实发生了阳离子化反应。改性后的阳离子半纤维素对纸浆有明显的增强作用。
[Abstract]:In the past, the main raw materials for the production of human fiber pulp were natural fibers such as wood and cotton fleece. However, the forest resources were scarce and the cotton fields were limited in our country, so it would be more and more difficult to make pulp meal. Reed is widely distributed in China and has high yield. If it can be used successfully to produce pulp, it will have important practical significance. In this paper, the high quality Reed pulp was prepared by cooking and bleaching process, and the main processes were optimized, and the optimized parameters were obtained. 1) the optimum conditions of water pre-hydrolysis are as follows: the ratio of liquid to water is 1: 6, the highest temperature is 175 鈩
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