新中国成立以来中国共产党推进反腐廉政法制建设研究

发布时间：2018-06-07 20:53

  本文选题：反腐廉政 + 法制建设　； 参考：《武汉大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：在经济转轨的大背景下,中国社会的贪腐猖獗、官商勾结和权力滥用等问题也日益突出,贪腐“大案要案”时有发生,腐败的危害性空前加剧,民众反腐声浪日渐高涨。本文的研究目标直接指向探讨中共执政六十多年来初步建立反腐廉政法律法规制度体系的历程、特点、经验和趋势,探讨在新形势下如何建构反腐廉政法律法规制度体系,如何实现党内立规和国家反腐立法的有效衔接与整合。在此目标的指引下,本文以法治思维和法治方式反腐倡廉为指导思想,从党史党建、法学、政治学、社会学等多学科视角,综合运用历史研究、比较研究以及实证研究等研究方法,对执政党反腐倡廉法制建设进行全景式、系统性研究。这一研究主题将从以下五个方面展开： 第1章探讨了中国共产党推进反腐廉政法制建设的主要思想资源。分别从中国传统廉政制度思想与西方廉政法制思想,马克思主义经典作家关于反腐廉政法制建设的思想以及中国共产党关于反腐廉政法制建设的思想等三个方面进行研析。 第2章梳理和分析了改革开放前中国共产党反腐廉政法制建设的经验教训。改革开放前三十年,执政党认为腐败的根源主要在于封建思想余毒和资产阶级腐朽思想的侵蚀,因此反腐败的主要手段在于思想政治教育,开展群众运动,强调对民众十分关注的大案要案的审判和惩处,反腐廉政法制建设被置于相对次要的地位。 第3章总结了改革开放以来中国共产党反腐廉政法制建设的推进、成就及存在的问题。改革开放以来,以邓小平为核心的党的第二代、以江泽民为核心的第三代中央领导集体,吸取十年“文革”的惨痛教训,审时度势,实现了反腐廉政建设思路的现代转型,即加强廉政法制建设,循法治思维和法治方式根治腐败。改革开放三十多年来,反腐廉政建设开始了从以运动为主的反腐到制度性的长效性反腐、从重事后惩治到惩防并举、从定点清除到整体性反腐的转型,并取得了显著的成效。但这一历史时期仍存在着反腐廉政国家立法工作滞后于反腐廉政建设的形势；有法不依、执法不严,以权压法、徇私枉法的问题仍然存在；国家法律与执政党党章、党规的相互协调有待进一步完善；国家司法制度与执政党纪检制度的相互配合有待进一步完善。 第4章论述了中国共产党推进反腐廉政法制建设面临的新形势和新问题。党的第十七届中央委员会第四次全体会议指出,世情、国情、党情的深刻变化对党的建设提出了新的要求,当前中国反腐廉政法制建设也呈现出新特点：反腐廉政法律法规制度体系日渐严密、注重通过体制改革和制度创新惩治和预防腐败、网络反腐的兴起及其制度化、加强反腐败国际司法交流与合作,等等。新形势下反腐廉政建设存在着：廉政法制建设无法同市场经济改革同步、廉政法律体系不周全、反腐廉政立法层级低、监督机制不健全、预防机制失灵、惩处力度不够、选择性反腐、在反腐败国际合作方面立法滞后等问题。 第5章提出了新形势下中国共产党进一步推进反腐廉政法制建设的思考。新形势下,要树立法治是治国理政、约权治吏基本方式的基本理念,从如下几个方面进一步推进反腐廉政法制建设：第一,进一步完善反腐败和廉政建设法律法规制度体系。制定《反腐败法》、《公职人员从政道德法》、《公职人员财产申报法》和《行政程序法》等国家反腐立法；修改完善《预算法》,建立财政预算透明机制；制定整合性的《监督法》并切实发挥其法律效力。第二,通过体制改革和制度创新防治腐败。全面推进惩治和预防腐败体系建设,严格执行党风廉政建设责任制,改革干部人事制度,建构独立的专业化的廉政反贪机构,扩大公众参与和社会舆论监督。第三,依法依纪查处腐败案件。严格执法,有腐必反；健全纪检监察体制,加强纪检监察机关与司法机关的分工与合作；深化司法体制改革,确保公正司法。第四,加强反腐败国际司法交流与合作。 综上所述,全面推进反腐廉政法制建设,走中国特色的反腐廉政道路,必须顺应世情、国情、党情的深刻变化,立基于社会主义市场经济和民主政治之上,建立健全权力制约和监督机制,教育、制度、监督并举,预防和惩治腐败相结合,实现运动式反腐向法治型反腐、党内反腐向制度反腐的现代转型,从而构建反腐廉政的长效机制。
[Abstract]:Under the background of economic transition, the corruption of Chinese society is rampant, the collusion of officials and businessmen and the abuse of power are becoming more and more prominent. The corruption "major case" has occurred, the harm of corruption is unprecedentedly intensified and the public's anti-corruption sound waves are rising. The research goal of this paper directly points to the preliminary establishment of the anti corruption and low corruption for more than 60 years in the administration of the Communist Party of China. The course, characteristics, experience and trend of the system of political and legal system, how to construct the system of anti-corruption and clean government laws and regulations under the new situation, how to realize the effective cohesion and integration of the internal Party regulations and the national anti-corruption legislation. Under the guidance of this goal, this article is guided by the guiding ideology of the anti corruption and advocacy of the rule of law by law and the rule of law, from the party history. In the multi disciplinary perspective of Party building, law, political science and sociology, the comprehensive application of historical research, comparative research and empirical research on the construction of the ruling party's anti-corruption and building a clean government is carried out in a panoramic view and systematic research. This research theme will be carried out from the following five aspects:
The first chapter discusses the main ideological resources of the Communist Party of China to promote the construction of anti-corruption and clean government legal system, including three aspects, such as the thought of Chinese traditional system of honest and clean government and the thought of the legal system of honest and clean government in the west, the thought of the construction of anti-corruption and clean government by Marx's classic writers and the thought of the Communist Party of China on the construction of the anti-corruption and low government legal system. Research and analysis.
The second chapter has combed and analyzed the experience and lessons of the construction of the anti corruption and clean government legal system of the Communist Party of China before the reform and opening up. In the first thirty years of the reform and opening up, the ruling party believed that the root of corruption mainly lies in the erosion of the feudal ideology and the corrupt thoughts of the bourgeoisie. Therefore, the main means of anti corruption are in Ideological and political education, and the mass movement is carried out. The trial and punishment of major cases that are of great concern to the public have been placed in a relatively minor position.
The third chapter summarizes the progress, achievements and existing problems of the Chinese Communist Party's anti-corruption and clean government legal system since the reform and opening up. Since the reform and opening up, the second generation of the party with Deng Xiaoping as the core, the third generation of central leading collective with Jiang Zemin as the core, the painful lessons of the "Cultural Revolution" for ten years, and the realization of the construction of anti-corruption and clean government. The modern transformation of ideas is to strengthen the construction of a clean and clean government, to cure corruption by rule of law thinking and rule of law. In the past thirty years, the construction of anti-corruption and clean government has started from the anti corruption to the systematic and long-term anti-corruption, from the serious afterthought to the punishment and prevention, from the fixed-point clearance to the overall anti corruption. But in this historical period, there still exist the situation that the national legislative work of anti corruption and clean government lags behind the construction of anti-corruption and clean government; there are still problems in the law, law enforcement is not strict, the law of power is pressed and the law is favoritism, and the coordination of party rules and rules of the state and the ruling party should be further improved; the state judicial system and the party in power The mutual cooperation of the inspection system needs to be further improved.
The fourth chapter discusses the new situation and new problems faced by the Communist Party of China in promoting the construction of anti-corruption and clean government legal system. The fourth plenary meeting of the Seventeenth Central Committee of the CPC pointed out that the world situation, the national conditions and the profound changes in the party's situation put forward new requirements for the construction of the party, and the construction of the legal system for anti-corruption and low government in China present new characteristics: Anti-corruption and clean government. The system of laws and regulations is becoming more and more strict. It pays more attention to the punishment and prevention of corruption through system reform and system innovation, the rise and institutionalization of network anti-corruption, and the strengthening of international judicial exchanges and cooperation in anti-corruption. It is not thoughtful, low level of anti-corruption and clean government legislation, imperfect supervision mechanism, failure of prevention mechanism, inadequate punishment, selective anti-corruption and lagging legislation on international cooperation in anti-corruption.
The fifth chapter puts forward the thinking of the Communist Party of China to further promote the construction of the anti corruption and clean government legal system under the new situation. Under the new situation, we should establish the rule of law as the basic idea of governing the country and government, the basic way of the right to govern the officials, and further promote the construction of the anti-corruption and clean government legal system from the following aspects: first, further improve the laws and regulations on the construction of anti-corruption and clean government. System system. Formulate "anti-corruption law >," public officials' moral law >, "public officials' property declaration law > and" administrative procedure law "and other national anti-corruption legislation; modify and improve the" budget law > ", establish transparency mechanism of financial budget; establish an integrated" Supervision Law > "and give full play to its legal effect. Second, through system reform and system innovation prevention. We should comprehensively promote the construction of the system of punishing and preventing corruption, strictly implementing the responsibility system for building a clean and clean government, reforming the cadre and personnel system, constructing an independent and professional anti-corruption institution, and expanding public participation and supervision of public opinion. Third, investigate and deal with corruption cases according to law and discipline according to law. We should strengthen the division of labor and cooperation between the inspection and supervision organs and the judicial organs, deepen the reform of the judicial system and ensure the fair judicature. Fourth, strengthen the international judicial exchanges and cooperation on anti-corruption.
To sum up, the overall promotion of the construction of anti-corruption and clean government legal system and the path of anti-corruption and clean government with Chinese characteristics must comply with the world situation, the national conditions and the profound changes in the party's situation, based on the socialist market economy and democratic politics, establish and improve the mechanism of power restriction and supervision, education, system, supervision, and the combination of prevention and punishment of corruption, and the realization of the combination of the prevention and punishment of corruption. Mobile anti-corruption to the rule of law anti-corruption, anti-corruption within the party to the modern transformation of system anti-corruption, so as to build a long-term mechanism for anti-corruption and clean government.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D262.6
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本文编号：1992766