挤出滚压法制备聚合物微结构成型技术的开发与研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 12:04

  本文选题：挤出滚压 + 聚合物　； 参考：《北京化工大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：本论文致力于结合单螺杆精密挤出成型和滚轮微压印成型来制作聚合物微结构新技术的研究与开发。利用单螺杆挤出成型制造所需的光学聚合物薄板,当聚合物薄板还在高温时,让其直接进入滚轮微压印设备,把滚轮上的微结构转印至聚合物薄板表面上。本研究自行开发组立出一套新型的挤出滚轮微压印系统,通过设计并开发挤出模具与滚轮微压印设备,最终证实本系统可用于微结构大量连续地转印。此技术可以达到roll-to-roll快速大量连续地进行聚合物微结构制品的复制生产,具有工艺过程简易、高效率及大面积复制等优势,是一种极具潜力的微结构成型技术。 本研究所开发的滚轮微压印设备,其滚轮直径为Φ64 mm,长度为125mm,驱动滚轮转速范围为0～30 rpm。金属微结构滚轮模具采用平板包覆法制作,微结构为周期性分布的微孔结构。挤出机机头采用衣架型机头,挤出口膜宽度为200 mm,厚度为1 mm。 采用自行组建的挤出滚压系统进行试验,从机头挤出来的聚合物薄板直接进入到滚轮组中,研究发现当聚丙烯(PP)薄板进入滚轮组时其表面温度仍处于材料的熔点(Tm)附近。在适当地工艺条件下,微结构经光学显微镜与3D影像测量仪观测证实可成功转印至聚合物薄板表面上。 本研究还探讨了机头温度、驱动滚轮转速、压力等工艺参数对微结构成型性的影响。研究结果表明,驱动滚轮转速越快,聚合物薄板表面微结构的成型性会变差；然而当滚轮压力越大、机头温度越高时,微结构的成型性会变好。挤出滚压目前得到的最佳的成型工艺参数为机头温度210℃、驱动滚轮转速1.5rpm、压力8200 N。这时所制备出的聚合物微透镜阵列直径均匀性与高度转写率都极佳。 使用聚碳酸酯(PC)和聚丙烯(PP)两种聚合物来探讨材料及微结构对聚合物薄板光学性质的影响。研究结果表明,聚碳酸脂(PC)和聚丙烯(PP)所制作的扩散板都可对光线产生扩散作用,但聚碳酸酯(PC)的扩散作用明显好于聚丙烯(PP)；当扩散板表面带有微结构时,其对光束的扩散作用则会显著提高,但扩散板的雾度会增加,透光率则会下降；微结构对扩散板光学性能的影响不仅与其尺寸大小有关,而且与微结构的分布也有着很大的关系。
[Abstract]:This thesis is devoted to the research and development of new polymer microstructures technology combined with single screw precision extrusion and roller micro-imprint. When the polymer sheet is still in high temperature, the optical polymer sheet can be directly entered into the roller micro-embossing equipment, and the microstructure of the roller can be transferred to the surface of the polymer sheet. A new type of extrusion wheel micro-imprint system was developed by the research team. By designing and developing the extrusion die and roller micro-imprint equipment, it was proved that the system could be used to transfer the microstructure continuously. This technology can be used for rapid and continuous production of polymer microstructural products by roll-to-roll, which has the advantages of simple process, high efficiency and large area replication. It is a potential microstructural molding technology. The rolling wheel microimprint equipment developed in this paper has a diameter of 桅 64 mm, a length of 125 mm and a speed range of 0 ~ 30 rpm. The metal microstructural roller die is made by plate cladding method. The microstructure is a microporous structure with periodic distribution. Extruder head adopts hanger head, extrusion exit film width is 200 mm, thickness is 1 mm. The experiment was carried out by using the self-made extrusion rolling system. The polymer sheet extruded from the die head directly entered the rolling wheel group. It was found that the surface temperature of polypropylene (PP) sheet was still near the melting point (TM) of the material when it entered the rolling wheel group. Under proper technological conditions, the microstructure can be successfully transferred to the surface of the polymer sheet by optical microscope and 3D image measuring instrument. The influence of the process parameters, such as the temperature of the die, the rotational speed of the driving roller and the pressure, on the molding property of the microstructures is also discussed. The results show that the faster the rotating speed of the driving wheel, the worse the molding property of the microstructure on the surface of the polymer sheet, but the better the molding property of the microstructure will be when the pressure of the roller is higher and the temperature of the die head is higher. The optimum process parameters obtained at present are head temperature 210 鈩，

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