基层民主发展与权利救济研究

发布时间：2018-06-28 01:14

本文选题：公民权利 + 权利救济　；参考：《华中师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前中国社会正处于一个除弊立新,改革开放的转型期。伴随着现代化进程的加快,人们的个体利益要求日渐增长,而个体利益要求的增长总是与权利需求的增长成正比例关系。“有权利必有救济,有侵害必有保护”,这是衡量社会法治程度的重要标准。基层社会位于政治系统和社会系统的边缘地带,是各种社会矛盾的交汇点和各种利益关系的聚集点。这个领域的政治、经济和社会诉求与群众利益关系最为直接也最为密切,最容易发生一些侵权问题,这些问题的最终解决还是要依靠基层社会本身,民主作为一种利益协调机制,无疑在其中发挥着重要作用。一方面,发展基层民主可以持续不断的将基层社会整合到国家体系中来,保持基层民众对国家的合法性认同。另一方面,基层民主制度可以保证国家机器健康、持续运转,是制衡国家权力侵害公民权利和个体利益的有效手段。本文主要论述公民参与基层治理的权利受到侵害时,应该通过什么方式加以救济,使公民的权利不至于悬空。作为研究的起点,第一章首先对本文论述的公民“权利”作了明确的界定,探讨了为什么只有通过权利救济才能实现公民权利,并重点强调了基层民主与权利救济的关系。第二章主要从实践的角度论述了基层民主各方面发展中的权利救济问题,重点探讨了农村村民自治、城市社区自治、工作场所民主、城乡公共管理以及县乡人大制度这五大基层民主制度如何救济公民权利,反过来,公民的基层民主权利遭到侵害后又通过何种途径实现救济。第三章主要通过一些具有代表性、普遍性的实例来引出目前权利救济存在的问题,即：权利救济主体不作为、权利救济渠道不畅通、权利救济机制不规范和权利救济方式单一化,讨论了这些问题对基层民主发展的影响,并提出了相应的解决对策。权利救济作为公民权利实现的最后环节,有着举足轻重的作用,完善的权利救济体系不仅能保障公民遭受侵害的权利得到弥补,还有助于公民权利意识的自我构建和完善,有助于公民社会的培育和基层民主的发展。
[Abstract]:At present, Chinese society is in a transitional period of reform and opening-up. With the acceleration of the modernization process, people's individual interests are increasing, and the growth of individual interests is always proportional to the growth of the demand for rights. "there is right, there is relief, there is infringement, there is protection", which is an important measure of social rule of law. Grass-roots society is located in the fringe of political system and social system. It is the intersection of various social contradictions and the gathering point of various interest relations. The political, economic and social demands in this field are most directly and closely related to the interests of the masses, and some tort problems are most likely to occur. The final solution of these problems still depends on the grass-roots society itself. Democracy, as an interest coordination mechanism, undoubtedly plays an important role in it. On the one hand, the development of grass-roots democracy can continuously integrate grass-roots society into the national system and maintain the legitimacy of the grassroots people. On the other hand, the grass-roots democracy system can guarantee the healthy and sustainable operation of the state machine, and it is an effective means to check and balance the state power against the civil rights and individual interests. This paper mainly discusses how to remedy the right of citizens to participate in grass-roots governance when it is infringed, so that the rights of citizens will not be left blank. As the starting point of the study, the first chapter makes a clear definition of the citizen's "right" discussed in this paper, probes into why the citizen's right can be realized only through the right relief, and emphasizes the relationship between the grass-roots democracy and the right relief. The second chapter mainly discusses the rights relief problems in the development of grass-roots democracy from the perspective of practice, focusing on rural villagers autonomy, urban community autonomy, democracy in the workplace. Urban and rural public management and the county and township people's Congress system of the five grass-roots democracy system relief citizens' rights, in turn, citizens' grass-roots democratic rights are violated and through what means to achieve relief. The third chapter mainly through some representative, universal examples to elicit the existing problems of the right relief, namely: the right relief main body does not act, the right relief channel is not smooth, This paper discusses the influence of these problems on the development of grass-roots democracy and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures. As the last link of the realization of civil rights, right relief plays an important role. A perfect right relief system can not only ensure that the rights violated by citizens are compensated, but also contribute to the self-construction and perfection of citizens' right consciousness. It is conducive to the cultivation of civil society and the development of democracy at the grass-roots level.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D621

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