舆论监督对行政效能的作用探析

发布时间：2018-07-09 22:15

本文选题：舆论监督 + 行政效能　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：行政效能作为行政管理能力的主要表现,是衡量政府运转状况的基本指标。行政成本、行政效率、行政效果是判断行政效能高低的价值标准,追求高效能的政府是人类社会孜孜不倦的共同愿望。然而,由于现有制度的缺陷和人性的弱点,多年来,效能低下成为各个行政部门难以克服的顽疾。随着信息化时代的到来,传统媒体和网络呈现出高速发展的势头,舆论监督作为“第四种权力”,在政治监督方面,日益发挥出其他监督机制难以企及的巨大的功效,成为提升行政效能的一剂良药。舆论监督因其报道及时、批评公开、辐射广泛、威慑强劲的特点,有力地揭露了行政机关不作为、慢作为、乱作为的现象,对行政机关的失职渎职行为,进行了有力的批评监督。舆论监督通过外在的舆论压力,转变成行政机关提升行政效能的内在动力。“曝光——回应——执行——改进”模式,形象地反映了这一动态过程：首先,媒体“曝光”行政效能低下的现象,引起行政部门的注意。行政人员调查情况后,通过报纸、电视,网络等渠道积极“回应”,然后制定解决方案,并妥善“执行”。最后,针对媒体所反映的问题和不足,找出根源,积极“改进”,并通过媒体反馈信息。从而使行政机关提高行政效率,降低行政成本,达成行政效果,切实提高行政效能,真正做到“勤政高效”。然而,在现有的体制和新闻环境下,舆论监督在提升行政效能的这一动态过程中,往往陷入现实困境。在“曝光”阶段,一些行政部门面对舆论监督,“能捂就捂,能瞒就瞒”,造成媒体“失语”；而“瞒不了,遮不住”的,在“回应”阶段,一些行政机关就“走走过场”,应付了事；在“执行”阶段,一些行政部门善于做到表面工作,而内在问题难以解决和落实；即使一些行政机关切实解决、妥善处理舆论反映的问题,但在“改进”阶段,由于没有配套的保障机制,提升效能的结果也难以持久。然而,探求其根源,监督机制的不合理,法制保障的不健全,评估机制的不合理,公务员素质的低下,错误政绩观的影响,都成为提升行政效能的巨大阻碍,也成为行政管理体制改革的隐患。要走出舆论监督在提升行政效能中的困境,必须在提升新闻工作者自身素质,健全舆论监督机制的基础上,充分发挥党内监督、人大监督、司法监督、民主监督等多种监督渠道的功效,形成全方位的监督体系。同时,完善绩效考核机制,摆正行政机关对舆论监督的态度,使其积极主动的接受监督,从而推动行政效能的逐步提高,实现“廉洁、勤政、务实、高效”的目标,使权力更好的在阳光下运行。
[Abstract]:As the main performance of administrative management ability, administrative efficiency is the basic index to measure the state of government operation. Administrative cost, administrative efficiency and administrative effect are the values of judging administrative efficiency. The pursuit of high efficiency government is the common desire of human society. However, because of the defects of the existing system and the weakness of human nature In the past year, low efficiency has become a stubborn disease that the administrative departments can't overcome. With the advent of the information age, the traditional media and network show the momentum of rapid development. The supervision of public opinion as "fourth kinds of power", in the political supervision, it is increasingly exerting the enormous effect that other supervisory mechanisms are difficult to reach, and become the promotion of administrative efficiency. The public opinion supervision, due to its timely reporting, criticism of public, extensive radiation and strong deterrence, has forcefully revealed the inaction of the administrative organs, the slow act, the disorder as a phenomenon, and the powerful criticism and supervision of the malfeasance and malfeasance of the administrative organs.
Through the external pressure of public opinion, the supervision of public opinion is transformed into the internal power of the administrative organs to improve the administrative efficiency. The "exposure response - Implementation - improvement" model reflects the dynamic process. First, the media "exposure" of administrative efficiency is low, and the administrative department's attention is cited. After the investigation of the administrative personnel, Through the newspaper, television, network and other channels to actively "respond", and then formulate solutions, and properly "implementation". Finally, in view of the problems and shortcomings of the media, find out the root, actively "improve", and feedback information through the media, so that the administration can improve administrative efficiency, reduce administrative costs, achieve administrative effect, effectively improve The administrative efficiency is truly "diligent and efficient".
However, under the existing system and the news environment, the supervision of public opinion in this dynamic process of improving the administrative efficiency is often in a real predicament. In the "exposure" stage, some administrative departments face the supervision of public opinion, "cover up, hide and hide", and cause the media "to hide the words", and "can not hide and hide", in the "response" stage, Some administrative organs should "walk away" and deal with them. In the "execution" stage, some administrative departments are good at working on the surface, but the internal problems are difficult to be solved and implemented. Even if some administrative organs have solved the problem properly, they properly deal with the problems reflected by public opinion, but in the "improvement" stage, there is no supporting mechanism to improve the efficiency. The results of the ability are also difficult to persist. However, it is a great obstacle to improve the administrative efficiency by exploring its root causes, unreasonable supervision mechanism, unsound legal system, unreasonable evaluation mechanism, low quality of civil servants and the influence of wrong political achievements.
In order to get out of the predicament of the public opinion supervision in the promotion of the administrative efficiency, on the basis of improving the quality of the journalists themselves and perfecting the supervision mechanism of public opinion, we should give full play to the functions of supervision channels within the party, the supervision of the people's Congress, the judicial supervision, the democratic supervision and so on, and form a complete supervision system. The administration's attitude to the supervision of public opinion makes it actively and actively accepting supervision, thus promoting the gradual improvement of the administrative efficiency and achieving the goal of "clean, diligent, pragmatic and efficient", and making the power better run in the sun.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D630.9

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